Question 1

High levels of certainty for both the problem formulation and the problem solution phases characterize the programmed decision-making process.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following defines selective perception?

Accepted Answer

A)  a tendency to ignore or avoid certain information, especially ambiguous information 
B)  a tendency for information to lose its certainty as it is passed along 
C)  deciding about an alternative on the basis of characteristics ascribed by others 
D)  a reluctance to give or receive negative information

Question 3

Which of the following statements is true about the nominal group technique?

Accepted Answer

A)  It never allows decision-making participants to meet face-to-face. 
B)  In this technique, everyone independently considers the problem without other members of the group influencing them. 
C)  Each group involved in making a decision is assigned the responsibility of representing the opinions of its constituents. 
D)  It is like the devil's advocate approach except that more than one opposing view is presented.

Question 4

________ is an individual's tendency to highlight the positive features of their implicit favorite over the alternatives.

Accepted Answer

A)  Rational ignorance 
B)  Selective perception 
C)  Cognitive complexity 
D)  Perceptual distortion

Question 5

A problem exists when a manager sees a way for the firm to achieve a more desirable state than the one it's currently in.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

During the brainstorming process,individual members meet as a group,but they begin by silently and independently generating ideas to solve a problem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

________ is the tendency for information to lose its certainty as it is passed along.

Accepted Answer

A)  Information bias 
B)  Cognitive complexity 
C)  Stereotyping 
D)  Uncertainty absorption

Question 8

The bounded rationality model focuses on the decision maker as an optimizer.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

In high-velocity environments,decision-making groups must not be afraid to act.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true about individual and group decision making?

Accepted Answer

A)  When evaluating alternatives, group judgment is often superior to individual judgment. 
B)  When identifying alternatives, group efforts ensure that different and unique solutions are identified. 
C)  When choosing alternatives, individual effort often leads to greater acceptance of the final outcome. 
D)  When implementing a choice, group responsibility is generally superior to individual responsibility.

Question 11

List the general factors that influence a decision's quality.How do they influence a decision's quality?

Accepted Answer

The answer of List the general factors that influence a...

Question 12

Compared to computer-mediated groups,face-to-face groups take longer to complete their tasks and members experience less satisfaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Differentiate between programmed and nonprogrammed decisions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Differentiate between programmed and nonprogrammed decisions....

Question 14

Multiple advocacy is like the devil's advocate approach except that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  more than one opposing view is presented 
B)  disagreement in group decisions is minimum 
C)  multiple corporations are involved in decision making 
D)  disagreement in group decisions do not exist

Question 15

Groups suffering from groupthink tend to minimize the seriousness of the doubts members raise and put tremendous pressure on them to agree to the group's consensus.This symptom of groupthink is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-censorship 
B)  illusion of invulnerability 
C)  illusion of morality 
D)  illusion of unanimity

Question 16

The classical model argues that managers will choose the alternative that maximizes the desired outcome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The process of decision making involves several steps that can be divided into distinct categories.The formulation phase involves ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  generating alternatives 
B)  diagnosing the factors affecting the problem or opportunity 
C)  selecting the preferred solution 
D)  implementing the decided course of action

Question 18

Even when a situation is similar to another situation that occurred in the past,it's often worthwhile to pursue new,creative alternatives.Which of the following is a valid rationale for this statement?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pursuing new, creative alternatives for a situation helps an organization gain the reputation of being an innovative firm. 
B)  No two situations are identical and subtle differences may make a past solution less effective today. 
C)  Using past solutions for new problems is discouraged in firms that operate in today's dynamic environment. 
D)  Pursuing new, creative alternatives for a situation makes it easier for the manager to implement and monitor them.

Question 19

Heuristic is a rule that guides the search for alternatives into areas that have ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  high probabilities for yielding success 
B)  interchangeable alternatives 
C)  maximum options 
D)  information-processing capabilities

Question 20

The Delphi technique is used to improve problem formulation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 12: Individual and Group Decision Making

High levels of certainty for both the problem formulation and the problem solution phases characterize the programmed decision-making process.

Which of the following defines selective perception?

Which of the following statements is true about the nominal group technique?

________ is an individual's tendency to highlight the positive features of their implicit favorite over the alternatives.

A problem exists when a manager sees a way for the firm to achieve a more desirable state than the one it's currently in.

During the brainstorming process,individual members meet as a group,but they begin by silently and independently generating ideas to solve a problem.

________ is the tendency for information to lose its certainty as it is passed along.

The bounded rationality model focuses on the decision maker as an optimizer.

In high-velocity environments,decision-making groups must not be afraid to act.

Which of the following statements is true about individual and group decision making?

List the general factors that influence a decision's quality.How do they influence a decision's quality?

Compared to computer-mediated groups,face-to-face groups take longer to complete their tasks and members experience less satisfaction.

Differentiate between programmed and nonprogrammed decisions.

Multiple advocacy is like the devil's advocate approach except that ________.

Groups suffering from groupthink tend to minimize the seriousness of the doubts members raise and put tremendous pressure on them to agree to the group's consensus.This symptom of groupthink is known as ________.

The classical model argues that managers will choose the alternative that maximizes the desired outcome.

The process of decision making involves several steps that can be divided into distinct categories.The formulation phase involves ________.

Even when a situation is similar to another situation that occurred in the past,it's often worthwhile to pursue new,creative alternatives.Which of the following is a valid rationale for this statement?

Heuristic is a rule that guides the search for alternatives into areas that have ________.

The Delphi technique is used to improve problem formulation.