Question 1

How does hearing speech impact on early language development?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hearing speech during the babbling stage may be necessary for development of more complex forms of babbling. 
B)  Hearing speech is necessary for the development of cooing. 
C)  Hearing speech is necessary for any babbling to develop. 
D)  Hearing speech is necessary for gestural babbling.

Question 2

Rachel is starting to use the "r" sound in her speech. She is

Accepted Answer

A)  just starting to speak, the "r" sound appears in the first three sounds 
B)  has been speaking for a while, the "r" sound appears later than others 
C)  probably using sentences 
D)  None of the alternatives are correct

Question 3

Karine was raised in a bilingual home and both of her parents are bilingual. We should expect that

Accepted Answer

A)  She should start using phonemes at a slightly later age 
B)  She should start using phonemes at a slightly younger age 
C)  She will present a developmental delay 
D)  None of the alternatives are correct.

Question 4

You are interested in your 5-year-old nephew's language development and so decide to give him a little test. You show him one object and say "This is a wug." Next, you show him three of these same objects and say "What are these?" You would expect him to say

Accepted Answer

A)  "I don't know." 
B)  "wug." 
C)  "wugs." 
D)  "wuggers."

Question 5

The argument that language is the product of nature alone is refuted by the following.

Accepted Answer

A)  Humans make and understand an infinite number of statements. 
B)  Thousands of languages exist. 
C)  Different languages use different grammatical structures. 
D)  All of the alternatives are correct.

Question 6

Which of the following is not cited in your text as an example of scaffolding used within formatted interactions (the central components of the LASS) between parent and child?

Accepted Answer

A)  Simplified speech 
B)  Punishment for incorrect or inaccurate statements 
C)  Repetition 
D)  Correcting the child's incorrect or inaccurate statements

Question 7

Japanese speakers often say "peh" when they spit something out. Jeffrey, who is Japanese-American, invented the phrase "chew-chew-peh" to refer to bubble gum. This is

Accepted Answer

A)  expressive style. 
B)  coining. 
C)  underextension. 
D)  overextension.

Question 8

At 20 months, Franklin's lexicon consists mainly of words such as "bye-bye", "peek-a-boo," "pat-a-cake," and "up." Franklin's style of language acquisition is best described as

Accepted Answer

A)  expressive. 
B)  referential. 
C)  lexical. 
D)  elaborative.

Question 9

Which of the following challenges the "single-system hypothesis" of language learning in bilingual children?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bilingual children tend to combine forms from the two languages within the same utterance. 
B)  Bilingual children acquire both languages more slowly than peers who are only learning one language. 
C)  Babies in bilingual homes can differentiate sounds from the two languages to which they are exposed. 
D)  None of the alternatives are correct.

Question 10

What might be the process by which a child, who does not yet know the meaning of the word "spatula," successfully infers the meaning of the sentence "give me the spatula"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Syntactic bootstrapping 
B)  Semantic bootstrapping 
C)  Fast-mapping 
D)  None of the alternatives are correct.

Question 11

Which best illustrates the concept of a holophrase?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Billy go 'rade." 
B)  "Look at the mans." 
C)  "Ball." 
D)  "All-gone cookie."

Question 12

According to the principle of mutual exclusivity, children are most likely to associate a new word with

Accepted Answer

A)  a familiar object. 
B)  objects for which they already possess many labels. 
C)  an unknown object. 
D)  old words that sound the same.

Question 13

Which of the following statements about babbling is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  The babbling of infants from different language environments is very similar. 
B)  The form of a baby's babbling gradually evolves to resemble the language the baby hears. 
C)  The babbling of deaf babies is different from that of babies who are not hearing impaired. 
D)  All of the alternatives are correct.

Question 14

The first significant challenge to Skinner's theory of verbal learning came from

Accepted Answer

A)  Jerome Bruner. 
B)  Daniel Slobin. 
C)  Noam Chomsky. 
D)  Albert Bandura.

Question 15

The fact that very young children can acquire new words such as "kowabunga" after one demonstration is best explained by the process of

Accepted Answer

A)  overextension. 
B)  semantic feature comparison. 
C)  fast-mapping. 
D)  scaffolding.

Question 16

How would an 8-month-old infant most likely inform her mother that she is interested in playing with a toy placed out of her reach?

Accepted Answer

A)  By reaching for the toy while looking back and forth between the toy and the mother 
B)  By calling out her name for the toy (e.g., "ba" for ball) 
C)  By calling out "mama mama" 
D)  An 8-month-old infant is not capable of communicating such intentions.

Question 17

According to lexical contrast theory, a child who knows what an ocean is will likely interpret the word "sea" to

Accepted Answer

A)  be synonymous with ocean. 
B)  have a different meaning than ocean. 
C)  to be a special kind of ocean. 
D)  have a broader meaning than ocean.

Question 18

When does reduplicated babbling occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Before cooing 
B)  Around 6 months of age 
C)  Before categorical perception 
D)  After holophrastic speech

Question 19

Discuss why Williams Syndrome is of interest to students of language. What are some of the differences in language development between a child with Williams Syndrome and a typically-developing child?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss why Williams Syndrome is of interest...

Question 20

The coined term, "yesternight," created by a young child in analogy with "yesterday," illustrates the fact that

Accepted Answer

A)  children imitate what they hear. 
B)  adults model language. 
C)  overregularization occurs in semantic development. 
D)  coined terms are usually illogically-based.

Exam 11: Language Development