Question 1

According to the Compare in 15 on "Kappa", "Lambda", and "Mu", what social indicator was essentially unchanged across the three systems?

Accepted Answer

A)   Government type
B)   Inflation
C)   Literacy rate
D)   Income inequality
E)   Crime rate C

Question 2

Compare the most critical forces of instability facing the two groups of countries (PCDCs and NICs) analyzed in Chapter 15. To what extent can these forces be mitigated by similar policies?

Accepted Answer

The most critical forces of instability facing the two groups of countries (PCDCs and NICs) analyzed in Chapter 15 are quite different. For the PCDCs (Post-Conflict Developing Countries), the forces of instability primarily stem from the aftermath of conflict, including issues such as weak governance, lack of infrastructure, and social divisions. On the other hand, for the NICs (Newly Industrialized Countries), the forces of instability may include economic volatility, social inequality, and environmental degradation.

While some of these forces of instability may be mitigated by similar policies, there are also significant differences in the challenges faced by these two groups of countries. For example, both groups may benefit from policies aimed at improving governance and infrastructure, which can help to address issues of instability. However, the NICs may require more targeted policies to address economic volatility and environmental degradation, such as sustainable development initiatives and financial stability measures.

Overall, while there may be some overlap in the policies that can help mitigate forces of instability for both PCDCs and NICs, it is important to recognize the unique challenges faced by each group and tailor policies accordingly. This may involve a combination of targeted interventions and broader structural reforms to effectively address the forces of instability in each context.

Question 3

The group of postcommunist developed countries that are nearing the profile of the developed countries in terms of economic development and democratization does NOT include

Accepted Answer

A)   the Czech Republic.
B)   Hungary.
C)   Russia.
D)   Estonia.
E)   Slovenia. C

Question 4

"Order and Progress" is the motto of

Accepted Answer

A)   Brazil.
B)   Malaysia.
C)   Russia.
D)   Venezuela.
E)   South Korea.

Question 5

Which of the following is a considerable threat to stability in many of the postcommunist developed countries?

Accepted Answer

A)   Nationality conflicts
B)   Interstate trade disputes
C)   Restrictions on the flow of capital
D)   The role of the Communist Party
E)   Overpopulation

Question 6

Antagonism to the neoliberal model is especially associated with

Accepted Answer

A)   Vladimir Putin.
B)   Augusto Pinochet.
C)   Hugo Chavez.
D)   the leaders of most PCDCs.
E)   the leaders of most Asian NICs.

Question 7

A postcommunist developed country that did NOT experience a "democratic revolution" is

Accepted Answer

A)   Romania.
B)   Slovakia.
C)   Poland.
D)   Hungary.
E)   Estonia.

Question 8

Which of the following occurred in most postcommunist developed countries in the transition period after 1990?

Accepted Answer

A)   A substantial increase in real income
B)   A substantial decline in literacy
C)   A substantial increase in absolute poverty
D)   Substantial productivity increases
E)   A substantial reduction in violent crime

Question 9

A basic assumption in communist political regimes was that

Accepted Answer

A)   stability + education = development.
B)   military power + order = prosperity.
C)   prosperity + equality = stability.
D)   bread - vodka = instability.
E)   order + liberty = prosperity.

Question 10

Security concerns regarding potential danger from a militarily powerful neighbor are especially significant in

Accepted Answer

A)   South Korea.
B)   Brazil.
C)   Hungary.
D)   Slovenia.
E)   Chile.

Question 11

The governments of the Asian NICs have emphasized considerably more than .

Accepted Answer

A)   individuality, collectivism
B)   political participation, acquiescence
C)   foreign policy, domestic policy
D)   investment, consumption
E)   consumption, savings

Question 12

Which of the following are examples of postcommunist developed countries?

Accepted Answer

A)   Afghanistan, China, Czech Republic
B)   Croatia, Kazakhstan, Vietnam
C)   Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland
D)   Albania, Hungary, Serbia
E)   Albania, China, Romania

Question 13

According to the Acid Test II in Compare in 15, the lowest proportion of people in poverty occurred in

Accepted Answer

A)   Kappa (the Soviet Union, 1989) .
B)   Lambda (Russia, 1999) .
C)   Mu (Russia, 2009) .
D)   The poverty rate was low in both Kappa and Mu.
E)   The poverty rate was about the same in all three.

Question 14

The majority of former Warsaw Pact members among the postcommunist developed countries

Accepted Answer

A)   have called for an end to the use of nuclear weapons.
B)   have broken diplomatic relations with Russia.
C)   have joined NATO.
D)   have banned the Communist Party.
E)   have formed the Central European Pact.

Question 15

In many NICs, current trends toward political democratization have also generated substantial

Accepted Answer

A)   economic growth.
B)   ethnonationalism.
C)   citizen satisfaction with political leaders.
D)   corruption.
E)   forces of instability.

Question 16

The tolerance of public discussion and criticism of the political, economic, and social system within the Soviet Union during its final years is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)   the silent revolution.
B)   gradual democratization.
C)   perestroika.
D)   nostrovia.
E)   glasnost.

Question 17

The taxonomic category of "NICs" is ambiguous. Develop and explain appropriate criteria for classifying NICs. These criteria should enable the analyst to assess whether other developing countries should now be included among the NICs and whether certain NICs (e.g., Slovenia, South Korea) should be upgraded to be included among the developed countries.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The taxonomic category of "NICs" is ambiguous....

Question 18

The most notable conventional war involving a Latin American NIC in the period since 1950 was fought by

Accepted Answer

A)   Chile.
B)   Uruguay.
C)   Venezuela.
D)   Brazil.
E)   Argentina.

Question 19

In South Korea, chaebols refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   state subsidies to farmers.
B)   individuals' acceptance of the state's authority.
C)   discipline in the workforce.
D)   traditional loyalty to family.
E)   large, diversified firms.

Question 20

Which of the following is a key element of the NIC economic strategy?

Accepted Answer

A)   Reliance on a command political economy
B)   Import-oriented trade
C)   Cooperation between firms and the government
D)   Governmental support for labor unions
E)   Foreign direct investment

Exam 15: The Transitional Developed Countries