Question 1

All moral principles are based on religion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

What would Kant say about the case of breaking a deathbed promise?

Accepted Answer

A)   We are justified in breaking a promise if necessary to promote our self-interest.
B)   We are justified in breaking a promise if necessary to promote the happiness of everyone involved.
C)   It is permissible to break a promise only if necessary to uphold a more stringent moral principle, such as cause no harm.
D)   The maxim permitting you to break a promise cannot be universalized, and hence breaking your promise would be immoral. D

Question 3

Which of the following is a common objection to Utilitarianism?

Accepted Answer

A)   The theory requires us to compare alternative courses of action, but the outcomes of the various alternatives are often uncertain.
B)   The theory concerns itself with the total amount of happiness, and not with how that happiness is distributed.
C)   The theory may require that some people's happiness be sacrificed in order to achieve the greatest overall amount of happiness.
D)   All of the above D

Question 4

According to Utilitarianism, what makes right acts right?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are based on self-interest
B)   They maximize happiness
C)   They accord with God's commands
D)   They accord with the social norms of one's society

Question 5

W.D. Ross bases his theory on __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   God
B)   Happiness
C)   Duty
D)   Prima facie duties

Question 6

Why have some philosophers thought that morality is relative to particular cultures? Explain the central difficulties with the theory of ethical relativism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why have some philosophers thought that morality...

Question 7

Psychological egoism is the theory that contends that self-interest is the only thing that ever motivates anyone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

An action can be legal and yet immoral and, contrariwise, an action can be illegal and yet moral.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The authors raise two objections to Ross's theory. Explain both.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The authors raise two objections to Ross's...

Question 10

What is ethics? What is the difference between morality and etiquette? What is the relation between morality and legality? What is the relation between morality and religion?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is ethics? What is the difference...

Question 11

The authors raise three objections to Kant's theory. Explain each objection.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The authors raise three objections to Kant's...

Question 12

According to the theory of Utilitarianism, what makes right acts right?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are based on self-interest.
B)   They maximize happiness.
C)   They accord with God's commands.
D)   They accord with the social norms of one's society.

Question 13

Explain W.D. Ross's theory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain W.D. Ross's theory....

Question 14

According to Cultural Relativism, what makes right acts right?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are based on self-interest
B)   They maximize happiness
C)   They accord with God's commands
D)   They accord with the social norms of one's society

Question 15

All moral standards are based on etiquette.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

What is the difference between Psychological Egoism and Ethical Egoism. Discuss the problems each theory faces.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the difference between Psychological Egoism...

Question 17

Which of the following expressions best captures the theory of egoism?

Accepted Answer

A)   When in Rome, do as the Romans do
B)   Always look out for 'Number One"
C)   Do onto others as you would have them do onto you
D)   The ends justify the means

Question 18

The authors lay out six points in explaining the theory of Utilitarianism. Explain each.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The authors lay out six points in...

Question 19

According to egoism, what makes right acts right?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are based on self-interest
B)   They maximize happiness
C)   They accord with God's commands
D)   They accord with the social norms of one's society

Question 20

What would the Utilitarian about the case of breaking a deathbed promise?

Accepted Answer

A)   We are justified in breaking a promise if necessary to promote our self-interest.
B)   We are justified in breaking a promise if necessary to promote the happiness of everyone involved.
C)   It is permissible to break a promise only if necessary to uphold a more stringent moral principle, such as cause no harm.
D)   The maxim permitting you to break your promise cannot be universalized, and hence breaking your promise would be immoral.

Exam 1: An Introduction to Ethics

All moral principles are based on religion.

What would Kant say about the case of breaking a deathbed promise?

Which of the following is a common objection to Utilitarianism?

According to Utilitarianism, what makes right acts right?

W.D. Ross bases his theory on __________.

Why have some philosophers thought that morality is relative to particular cultures? Explain the central difficulties with the theory of ethical relativism.

Psychological egoism is the theory that contends that self-interest is the only thing that ever motivates anyone.

An action can be legal and yet immoral and, contrariwise, an action can be illegal and yet moral.

The authors raise two objections to Ross's theory. Explain both.

What is ethics? What is the difference between morality and etiquette? What is the relation between morality and legality? What is the relation between morality and religion?

The authors raise three objections to Kant's theory. Explain each objection.

According to the theory of Utilitarianism, what makes right acts right?

Explain W.D. Ross's theory.

According to Cultural Relativism, what makes right acts right?

All moral standards are based on etiquette.

What is the difference between Psychological Egoism and Ethical Egoism. Discuss the problems each theory faces.

Which of the following expressions best captures the theory of egoism?

The authors lay out six points in explaining the theory of Utilitarianism. Explain each.

According to egoism, what makes right acts right?

What would the Utilitarian about the case of breaking a deathbed promise?