Question 1

Negotiation as a means of resolving conflict doesn't work as often as it might because in most conflicts

Accepted Answer

A)  one party has more power than the other. 
B)  adversaries tend to overlook common interests. 
C)  adversaries refuse to communicate with one another. 
D)  adversaries refuse to involve objective mediators.

Question 2

________ refers to the tendency for groups to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclinations of their individual members.

Accepted Answer

A)  Groupthink 
B)  The risky shift 
C)  Group polarization 
D)  Negotiation

Question 3

When people or roaches undertake a difficult task, the presence of others ________ performance; when they undertake a simple task, the presence of others ________ performance.

Accepted Answer

A)  enhances; impairs 
B)  diminishes; has no effect on 
C)  has no effect on; enhances 
D)  impairs; enhances

Question 4

James manages a team of employees for a company that is highly organized, well controlled, and high in employee satisfaction.In this situation, there is a greater need for a ________ leader than a ________ leader.

Accepted Answer

A)  task-oriented; relationship-oriented 
B)  relationship-oriented; task-oriented 
C)  feminine; masculine 
D)  masculine; task-oriented

Question 5

Presently, there are three main ideas as to why the presence of others leads to greater arousal.Which of the following is NOT one of the three explanations? The presence of others

Accepted Answer

A)  makes us vigilant. 
B)  causes us to become emotional. 
C)  is distracting. 
D)  leads to evaluation apprehension.

Question 6

Research illustrated that even the presence of a(n) ________ impacted performance such that participants did better on ________ tasks and worse on ________ tasks.

Accepted Answer

A)  favorite TV character; complex; simple 
B)  unknown movie star; simple; complex 
C)  unknown actor; complex; simple 
D)  favorite TV character; simple; complex

Question 7

Based on what the authors of your text state about the effects of deindividuation, which of the following people would be the most likely to shoplift?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lisa, who sees that she is being monitored by a surveillance camera 
B)  Alice, who is trying on an outfit, looking in the mirror 
C)  Jane, who is shopping with her best friend 
D)  Diana, who is wandering through a crowded marketplace

Question 8

In Dan's family, it's customary to wear a nice pair of jeans and a shirt to a wedding, but in Blake's family, it's typical to wear a suit and tie, if not a tuxedo, to weddings.This example demonstrates that norms

Accepted Answer

A)  do not predict behavior very well. 
B)  can vary depending on the group. 
C)  were meant to be violated. 
D)  are a form of authoritarian control.

Question 9

According to Irving Janis (1972, 1982), groupthink occurs when groups value ________ over ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cohesiveness and solidarity; a realistic consideration of the facts 
B)  strong leadership; weak leadership 
C)  safety; accuracy 
D)  as many alternatives as possible; a common goal

Question 10

Josh is the president of his college residence hall, and he is therefore expected to act in a respectable, dignified manner when he attends campus functions.What social psychological phenomenon does this illustrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  a social role 
B)  a group representativeness assumption 
C)  informational influence 
D)  a loss of personal identity

Question 11

Why do group members tend to be homogeneous?

Accepted Answer

A)  Many groups attract people who are similar and groups tend to operate in ways that encourage similarity in the members. 
B)  Many groups attract people who are similar and the membership of most groups never changes. 
C)  Anyone who deviates from the group is immediately removed. 
D)  New members are screened carefully to make sure they will "fit in."

Question 12

Group discussion often pushes people's initial individual decisions to the extreme, yielding group polarization.According to the persuasive arguments interpretation, this is because

Accepted Answer

A)  others bring up perspectives or issues that the individual hadn't considered. 
B)  individuals are motivated to be accepted by other members of the group. 
C)  individuals bolster their initial beliefs when they make their case to others. 
D)  individuals work to reduce the dissonance aroused when other people disagree with them.

Question 13

Which of the following will give the greatest sense of belonging to a group and a sense of distinctiveness from others?

Accepted Answer

A)  being a student at the University of X 
B)  being a member of the psychology honors society 
C)  being an employee of Target 
D)  being a supporter of the New York Yankees

Question 14

Complete the following analogy.Transactional leaders: ________ :: Transformational leaders: ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  short-term goals; long-term goals 
B)  long-term goals; short-term goals 
C)  relationship-oriented; task-oriented 
D)  task-oriented; relationship-oriented

Question 15

Under what conditions will groups tend to make better decisions than individuals?

Accepted Answer

A)  when the conditions are stressful 
B)  when cohesiveness is high 
C)  when they rely on the person with the most expertise 
D)  when there is a strong directive leader

Question 16

Consider the following destructive acts: soccer fans bludgeoning one another, young people throwing rocks at police officers, and Klansmen lynching African Americans.All of these are examples of the dangerous effects of

Accepted Answer

A)  hysterical contagion. 
B)  anti-social contagion. 
C)  anti-social anonymity. 
D)  deindividuation.

Question 17

Why is it important to study how effectively groups make decisions?

Accepted Answer

A)  to keep social psychologists employed 
B)  because many important decisions are made by groups such as juries 
C)  because many people wrongly assume that individuals are better at decision-making 
D)  to understand how individuals can improve to make decisions as well as groups do

Question 18

Which of the following situations best illustrates process loss?

Accepted Answer

A)  social loafing 
B)  transactive memory 
C)  the prisoner's dilemma 
D)  contingent leadership

Question 19

Which of the following statements is true? Deindividuation

Accepted Answer

A)  always results in negative behaviors. 
B)  increases self-awareness, but greatly reduces a person's feelings of accountability for his or her behavior. 
C)  results in people feeling that there is little chance that they will be caught behaving badly. 
D)  can be induced by instructing people to pay attention to the people around them.

Question 20

Adam is part of a group organized to increase blood donations in a local community.As a social psychologist, Adam has a relevant background in persuasion tactics, but his group members fail to realize the important contributions he could make.This scenario is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  process loss. 
B)  intragroup conflict. 
C)  poor leadership. 
D)  a task orientation to problem solving.

Exam 9: Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

Negotiation as a means of resolving conflict doesn't work as often as it might because in most conflicts

________ refers to the tendency for groups to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclinations of their individual members.

When people or roaches undertake a difficult task, the presence of others performance; when they undertake a simple task, the presence of others performance.

James manages a team of employees for a company that is highly organized, well controlled, and high in employee satisfaction.In this situation, there is a greater need for a leader than a leader.

Presently, there are three main ideas as to why the presence of others leads to greater arousal.Which of the following is NOT one of the three explanations? The presence of others

Research illustrated that even the presence of a(n) impacted performance such that participants did better on tasks and worse on tasks.

Based on what the authors of your text state about the effects of deindividuation, which of the following people would be the most likely to shoplift?

In Dan's family, it's customary to wear a nice pair of jeans and a shirt to a wedding, but in Blake's family, it's typical to wear a suit and tie, if not a tuxedo, to weddings.This example demonstrates that norms

According to Irving Janis (1972, 1982) , groupthink occurs when groups value over .

Josh is the president of his college residence hall, and he is therefore expected to act in a respectable, dignified manner when he attends campus functions.What social psychological phenomenon does this illustrate?

Why do group members tend to be homogeneous?

Group discussion often pushes people's initial individual decisions to the extreme, yielding group polarization.According to the persuasive arguments interpretation, this is because

Which of the following will give the greatest sense of belonging to a group and a sense of distinctiveness from others?

Complete the following analogy.Transactional leaders: :: Transformational leaders: .

Under what conditions will groups tend to make better decisions than individuals?

Consider the following destructive acts: soccer fans bludgeoning one another, young people throwing rocks at police officers, and Klansmen lynching African Americans.All of these are examples of the dangerous effects of

Why is it important to study how effectively groups make decisions?

Which of the following situations best illustrates process loss?

Which of the following statements is true? Deindividuation

Adam is part of a group organized to increase blood donations in a local community.As a social psychologist, Adam has a relevant background in persuasion tactics, but his group members fail to realize the important contributions he could make.This scenario is an example of

Exam 9: Group Processes: Influence in Social Groups

Negotiation as a means of resolving conflict doesn't work as often as it might because in most conflicts

________ refers to the tendency for groups to make decisions that are more extreme than the initial inclinations of their individual members.

When people or roaches undertake a difficult task, the presence of others ________ performance; when they undertake a simple task, the presence of others ________ performance.

James manages a team of employees for a company that is highly organized, well controlled, and high in employee satisfaction.In this situation, there is a greater need for a ________ leader than a ________ leader.

Presently, there are three main ideas as to why the presence of others leads to greater arousal.Which of the following is NOT one of the three explanations? The presence of others

Research illustrated that even the presence of a(n) ________ impacted performance such that participants did better on ________ tasks and worse on ________ tasks.

Based on what the authors of your text state about the effects of deindividuation, which of the following people would be the most likely to shoplift?

In Dan's family, it's customary to wear a nice pair of jeans and a shirt to a wedding, but in Blake's family, it's typical to wear a suit and tie, if not a tuxedo, to weddings.This example demonstrates that norms

According to Irving Janis (1972, 1982) , groupthink occurs when groups value ________ over ________.

Josh is the president of his college residence hall, and he is therefore expected to act in a respectable, dignified manner when he attends campus functions.What social psychological phenomenon does this illustrate?

Why do group members tend to be homogeneous?

Group discussion often pushes people's initial individual decisions to the extreme, yielding group polarization.According to the persuasive arguments interpretation, this is because

Which of the following will give the greatest sense of belonging to a group and a sense of distinctiveness from others?

Complete the following analogy.Transactional leaders: ________ :: Transformational leaders: ________.

Under what conditions will groups tend to make better decisions than individuals?

Consider the following destructive acts: soccer fans bludgeoning one another, young people throwing rocks at police officers, and Klansmen lynching African Americans.All of these are examples of the dangerous effects of

Why is it important to study how effectively groups make decisions?

Which of the following situations best illustrates process loss?

Which of the following statements is true? Deindividuation

Adam is part of a group organized to increase blood donations in a local community.As a social psychologist, Adam has a relevant background in persuasion tactics, but his group members fail to realize the important contributions he could make.This scenario is an example of

When people or roaches undertake a difficult task, the presence of others performance; when they undertake a simple task, the presence of others performance.

James manages a team of employees for a company that is highly organized, well controlled, and high in employee satisfaction.In this situation, there is a greater need for a leader than a leader.

Research illustrated that even the presence of a(n) impacted performance such that participants did better on tasks and worse on tasks.

According to Irving Janis (1972, 1982) , groupthink occurs when groups value over .

Complete the following analogy.Transactional leaders: :: Transformational leaders: .