Question 1

Figure 32.1
 
-As you are on the way to Tahiti for a vacation,your plane crash-lands on a previously undiscovered island.You soon find that the island is teeming with unfamiliar organisms;and you,as a student of biology,decide to survey them (with the aid of the Insta-Lab Portable Laboratory you brought along in your suitcase).You select three organisms and observe them in detail,making the notations found in Figure 32.1.Which organism would you classify as an animal?

Accepted Answer

A) organism A 
B) organism B 
C) organism C

Question 2

An organism that exhibits cephalization probably also _____.

Accepted Answer

A) is bilaterally symmetrical 
B) has a hydrostatic skeleton 
C) has a coelom 
D) is segmented 
E) is diploblastic

Question 3

Suppose a researcher for a pest-control company developed a chemical that inhibited the development of an embryonic mosquito's endodermal cells.Which of the following would be a likely mechanism by which this pesticide works?

Accepted Answer

A) The mosquito would develop a weakened exoskeleton that would make it vulnerable to trauma. 
B) The mosquito would have trouble digesting food,due to impaired gut function. 
C) The mosquito would have trouble with respiration and circulation,due to impaired muscle function. 
D) The mosquito wouldn't be affected at all.

Question 4

In examining an unknown animal species during its embryonic development,how can you be sure what you are looking at is a protostome and not a deuterostome?

Accepted Answer

A) There is evidence of cephalization. 
B) You see a well-developed coelom. 
C) The animal is triploblastic. 
D) The animal is clearly bilaterally symmetrical. 
E) You see a mouth,but not an anus.

Question 5

If you think of the tube-within-a-tube body plan as a pipe with a straw inside,where would you expect to find most of the ectodermal,mesodermal,and endodermal germ layers,respectively?

Accepted Answer

A) pipe;space between pipe and straw;straw 
B) straw;space between pipe and straw;pipe 
C) space inside of straw;straw;space between pipe and straw 
D) pipe;straw;space inside of straw

Question 6

Parasitism is one of the most widespread life strategies ever to evolve.Which of the following is consistent with this finding?

Accepted Answer

A) Parasites almost always predigest their hosts' tissues and therefore spend less energy and require fewer structural adaptations. 
B) Parasites,unlike predators,feed on almost all the tissues of their host. 
C) Parasites do not generally kill their hosts,thus they can feed on the same host throughout the host's normal life span and do not have competition from decomposers. 
D) Parasites generally kill their host and can feed for a very long time because they are much smaller than their host.

Question 7

Which of the following is true of the sponges?

Accepted Answer

A) Their larvae are motile,and move via the motion of cilia. 
B) They are the simplest diploblastic animals. 
C) They exhibit bilateral symmetry. 
D) They have a nerve net but not a CNS. 
E) Their feeding cells are called choanoflagellates.

Question 8

All of the following are true about choanoflagellates except _____.

Accepted Answer

A) they are suspension feeders 
B) they are sessile as adults 
C) they live in aquatic habitats 
D) they are animals 
E) they reproduce asexually

Question 9

To reproduce,many plants produce seeds-structures containing embryonic offspring along with nutrients inside a tough case.These offspring develop after being released by the parent plant.To which animal reproductive strategy is seed production most comparable?

Accepted Answer

A) oviparous reproduction 
B) ovoviviparous reproduction 
C) viviparous reproduction

Question 10

Why are healthy corals brightly colored?

Accepted Answer

A) Corals secrete colorful pigments to warn predators that they are poisonous. 
B) Corals secrete colorful pigments to attract mates. 
C) Corals host symbionts with colorful photosynthetic pigments. 
D) Corals build their skeletons from colorful minerals. 
E) Corals secrete colorful pigments to protect themselves from UV light.

Question 11

Following the fusion of gametes in Obelia,the resulting cell divides via mitosis to become a _____.

Accepted Answer

A) larva 
B) polyp 
C) nymph 
D) medusa

Question 12

Most fish deposit fertilized eggs,but some sharks keep the fertilized egg inside the female until she gives birth to a relatively well-developed pup.These sharks would thus be characterized as _____.

Accepted Answer

A) live-bearing 
B) ovoviviparous 
C) oviparous 
D) viviparous

Question 13

Comb jellies may not be the most familiar animal to you,but they are critical in the food chain because they make up a significant portion of the planktonic biomass.Their feeding strategy is predatory and involves adhesives or mucus on their tentacles or other body parts.What feeding tactic do these animals use?

Accepted Answer

A) suspension feeder 
B) fluid feeder 
C) deposit feeder 
D) food-mass feeder

Question 14

What do all sponges have in common?

Accepted Answer

A) They all have three germ layers. 
B) All adults are free swimming. 
C) They always reproduce sexually. 
D) They all practice external fertilization. 
E) They all live on the bottom in an aquatic environment.

Question 15

Which of the following is most likely to be aquatic?

Accepted Answer

A) suspension feeder 
B) mass feeder 
C) deposit feeder 
D) fluid feeder

Question 16

Suppose you came across a novel organism you suspected belonged to one of the following animal phyla:
Porifera,Cnidaria,Ctenophora,or Acoelomorpha.Which of the following characteristics would not be helpful in placing the organism into the correct phylum?

Accepted Answer

A) the organism's feeding strategy 
B) the organism's habitat 
C) whether the organism has a coelom 
D) whether the organism has a gut 
E) whether adults are sessile or motile

Question 17

The digestive system of most animals is lined with cells through which nutrients are absorbed.What is the embryonic origin of these cells?

Accepted Answer

A) endoderm 
B) ectoderm 
C) mesoderm

Question 18

If humans were characterized as undergoing metamorphosis,human development from infant to adult would be better described as _____,and human infants would be described as _____.

Accepted Answer

A) hemimetabolous metamorphosis;nymphs 
B) holometabolous metamorphosis;nymphs 
C) hemimetabolous metamorphosis;larvae 
D) holometabolous metamorphosis;larvae

Exam 32: An Introduction to Animals