Question 1

When reading the claims of makers of home biofeedback machines,sleep-learning devices, subliminal CDs,and the like,it is important to

Accepted Answer

A)  realize that the authenticity of the report has been thoroughly checked by the media. 
B)  be wary of overly complex explanations. 
C)  consider the number of experts that are promoting the product. 
D)  consider whether the information is motivated by monetary gain.

Question 2

Abby holds a master's degree and works with patients in clinics and hospitals as part of a
therapeutic team.Her typical duties include evaluating patients and their families by visiting
the patients' homes,schools,or workplaces to help alleviate their problems.Abby is most
likely a psychiatric __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Abby holds a master's degree and works...

Question 3

Psychologists in New Mexico and Louisiana are allowed to legally prescribe drugs to their
clients.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

In an experiment,the group that serves as a point of reference for a comparison of results is the __________ group.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In an experiment,the group that serves as...

Question 5

The correlation between shoe size and intelligence would be

Accepted Answer

A)  -1.00. 
B)  +1.00. 
C)  0.00. 
D)  impossible to calculate.

Question 6

If the correlations between one's self-concept and academic performance were positive,we could say that

Accepted Answer

A)  academic performance and self-concept are largely unrelated. 
B)  academic performance is an important cause of one's self-concept. 
C)  one's self-concept is an important cause of academic performance. 
D)  a self-concept and academic performance are related, but no causal relationship has been established.

Question 7

A teacher states that the students who made the highest grades on the English test also made the highest grades on the history test and the ones that made the lowest on one test made the lowest on the other.She was probably able to make this statement because she

Accepted Answer

A)  conducted a controlled experiment with the class. 
B)  correlated the scores on the two tests. 
C)  surveyed the students. 
D)  observed the students as they took the test to make sure no one cheated.

Question 8

A researcher studying sleep deprivation finds that as the amount of sleep decreases,there is a proportional decrease in one's immune system.This illustrates a __________ correlation.

Accepted Answer

A)  positive 
B)  negative 
C)  zero 
D)  dependent

Question 9

An in-depth focus on a single individual best describes the

Accepted Answer

A)  single-blind experiment. 
B)  double-blind experiment. 
C)  correlational method. 
D)  case study.

Question 10

The town of Indianola,Mississippi wants to know what the community thinks about building a high-tech movie theatre.Increased taxes will be used to pay for the new theatre.Therefore,elected officials are mailing out questionnaires to determine public opinion about the theatre and the use of increased taxes to pay for it.Which type of research method are they using?

Accepted Answer

A)  correlation 
B)  experiment 
C)  survey 
D)  case studies

Question 11

If a correlational relationship is perfect,the coefficient would

Accepted Answer

A)  be zero. 
B)  be a +1.00 or a -1.00. 
C)  always be a negative correlation. 
D)  always be a positive correlation.

Question 12

Which of the following coefficients of correlation indicates the STRONGEST relationship between two sets of variables?

Accepted Answer

A)  -0.98 
B)  0.90 
C)  0.00 
D)  1.20

Question 13

In the method section of a research report,a psychologist provides background information on his or her study by reviewing prior studies on the same or related topics to the current one being investigated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

One of the limitations of the survey method is

Accepted Answer

A)  observer bias. 
B)  that it sets up an artificial situation. 
C)  that replies may reflect social desirability. 
D)  that results cannot be generalized.

Question 15

In conducting a survey on computer use,the fact that many people do not want to admit that they don't know how to use a computer is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  observer bias. 
B)  researcher bias. 
C)  non-representative sample. 
D)  courtesy bias.

Question 16

Which of the following can be thought of as a "natural" clinical test?

Accepted Answer

A)  survey 
B)  case study 
C)  correlational study 
D)  double-blind study

Question 17

"The whole is greater than the sum of its parts" was the motto of the behaviorists.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

You caution a friend about eating so many foods that are high in fat content.Your friend replies that his grandfather ate all the bacon and cheese he wanted and he lived to be 93.Which of the following is the BEST explanation for your friend's error in reasoning?

Accepted Answer

A)  the Barnum effect 
B)  the use of individual cases 
C)  the self-fulfilling prophecy 
D)  the fallacy of negative instances

Question 19

A researcher determines that the crime rate in a large city is related to the phases of the moon.She concludes that the gravitational pull of the moon influences human behavior.She does not understand

Accepted Answer

A)  the dangers of a single example. 
B)  the difference between observation and inference. 
C)  the difference between correlation and causation. 
D)  that the Barnum effect occurs only in ten-year cycles.

Question 20

A psychologist notes an association between the IQs of parents and their children,or between beauty and social popularity,or between anxiety and test performance.In each case,two
Events are correlated,which means

Accepted Answer

A)  both events are randomly occurring. 
B)  both events are really unrelated. 
C)  one event caused the other. 
D)  the events are linked together in an orderly way.

Exam 1: C: Introduction to Psychology and Research Methods

When reading the claims of makers of home biofeedback machines,sleep-learning devices, subliminal CDs,and the like,it is important to

Psychologists in New Mexico and Louisiana are allowed to legally prescribe drugs to their clients.

In an experiment,the group that serves as a point of reference for a comparison of results is the __________ group.

The correlation between shoe size and intelligence would be

If the correlations between one's self-concept and academic performance were positive,we could say that

A teacher states that the students who made the highest grades on the English test also made the highest grades on the history test and the ones that made the lowest on one test made the lowest on the other.She was probably able to make this statement because she

A researcher studying sleep deprivation finds that as the amount of sleep decreases,there is a proportional decrease in one's immune system.This illustrates a __________ correlation.

An in-depth focus on a single individual best describes the

If a correlational relationship is perfect,the coefficient would

Which of the following coefficients of correlation indicates the STRONGEST relationship between two sets of variables?

In the method section of a research report,a psychologist provides background information on his or her study by reviewing prior studies on the same or related topics to the current one being investigated.

One of the limitations of the survey method is

In conducting a survey on computer use,the fact that many people do not want to admit that they don't know how to use a computer is called a(n)

Which of the following can be thought of as a "natural" clinical test?

"The whole is greater than the sum of its parts" was the motto of the behaviorists.

You caution a friend about eating so many foods that are high in fat content.Your friend replies that his grandfather ate all the bacon and cheese he wanted and he lived to be 93.Which of the following is the BEST explanation for your friend's error in reasoning?

A researcher determines that the crime rate in a large city is related to the phases of the moon.She concludes that the gravitational pull of the moon influences human behavior.She does not understand

A psychologist notes an association between the IQs of parents and their children,or between beauty and social popularity,or between anxiety and test performance.In each case,two Events are correlated,which means