Question 1

The Russell Ogden case is an illustration of a social researcher's obligation to uphold which ethical principle?

Accepted Answer

A)  Do no harm to participants
B)  Conflict of interest
C)  Informed consent
D)  Confidentiality
E)  Do not exploit participants for personal gain D

Question 2

Dr.Agamben delegated preliminary data analysis to his research assistant.The research assistant summarized his initial impressions of the data in a ten-page report.Dr.Agamben,impressed with the insight and eloquence of his research assistant,included passages from the report in an article for which he was the sole author.What offence has Dr.Agamben committed?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fraud
B)  Plagiarism
C)  Deception
D)  Publishing uncheck conclusions
E)  Whistle-blowing B

Question 3

Define the following:psychological harm

Accepted Answer

Psychological harm,mental stress,or infirmity may result from researchers placing people in highly stressful,embarrassing,anxiety-producing,or unpleasant situations.Although causing research participants psychological discomfort is not strictly prohibited,ethical researchers minimize the potential for participants to suffer psychological harm.

Question 4

The original source for the principles of codes of ethics for research on human subjects was developed out of

Accepted Answer

A)  the Amnesty International Code of 1975.
B)  the Nuremburg Code used in the Nuremburg Military Tribunal on Nazi war crimes in 1946-47.
C)  the 1964 Civil Rights Act.
D)  the League of Nations Charter of 1919.
E)  the Constitution of the United States.

Question 5

A great deal of learning about ethics is based on "famous cases." Which study is the "famous case" in which poor black men were not treated and allowed to become disabled and permanently harmed in a Public Health Service study by the U.S.federal government?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tearoom Trade
B)  Jury Study
C)  Milgram Obedience Experiment
D)  Zimbardo Prison Experiment
E)  Bad Blood

Question 6

Which of the following terms refers to the act of disclosing the occurrence of an ethical breach,which cannot be resolved through internal procedures,to an external audience?

Accepted Answer

A)  Whistle-blowing
B)  Confidentiality breach
C)  Scientific misconduct
D)  Research fatigue
E)  Involuntary consent

Question 7

Identify the FALSE statement about ethics in social research.

Accepted Answer

A)  The individual researcher is ultimately responsible for acting in an ethical manner and protecting research subjects.
B)  A researcher who lacks strong professional socialization,who is isolated from other researchers,and who is under great pressure to cut corners to produce research findings is in greater danger of doing something unethical.
C)  Unethical researchers,if caught,have disgraced themselves before their peers.They may lose their jobs and never get another professional job.All their past research may be suspect.
D)  It is usually more costly and time consuming to behave ethically,but there is no praise for ethical research.It is simply expected.
E)  All unethical behaviour is also illegal because codes of ethics have the force of law.

Question 8

Define the following:research fatigue

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define the following:research fatigue...

Question 9

For an honours undergraduate project,Steven Smith conducts a survey on students' beliefs and behaviours,including sexual behaviour.While distributing the questionnaire,he assures the group of students that no one will be able to trace responses to an individual.He notices where each person sat before he or she returns the questionnaire to the front of the room and memorizes who turned in the first,second,etc.,questionnaire.Which ethical principle is Steven violating?

Accepted Answer

A)  Confidentiality
B)  Anonymity
C)  Harm to subjects
D)  Concealed identity of researcher
E)  Voluntary participation

Question 10

Define the following:unnecessary stress

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define the following:unnecessary stress...

Question 11

In what ways do political pressures affect the conduct of social research? What are the three main causes of attempts to block or steer social research?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In what ways do political pressures affect...

Question 12

Define the following:research ethics board (REB)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define the following:research ethics board (REB)...

Question 13

What is the general ethical principle regarding deception in social research?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is fully acceptable and does not involve ethical issues.
B)  It is forbidden under all circumstances of ethical research.
C)  It can be ethically used if essential to the research so long as subjects are not physically harmed.
D)  It can be ethically used if essential to the research,but only to the minimal degree necessary and it must be followed by debriefing.
E)  Deception can only be ethically used when subjects are &ldquo;captive&rdquo;populations (e.g.,prisoners,students,mental hospital patients,military personnel) .

Question 14

Henrietta Handlesworth got a job working at Zone Research Company.After working there for two years,she was asked to conduct a survey of customers who bought Zone Motor Corporation cars in the past two years to see how satisfied they were.Her supervisor told her not to bother sending questionnaires to people who bought a car from Zone Motor Corp.but since sold it.Henrietta thought this was wrong but wanted to keep her supervisor happy so that she could get a promotion.What ethical problem did Henrietta encounter?

Accepted Answer

A)  Concealing the true sponsor
B)  Suppressing findings
C)  Arriving at particular findings
D)  Limits on how to conduct a study
E)  No ethical problem

Question 15

What are the three types of harm a researcher must be aware of when conducting a study? What steps can researchers take to mitigate the potential impact of these three types of harm?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the three types of harm...

Question 16

The Dr.Nancy Olivieri case demonstrates

Accepted Answer

A)  that speaking out against research that is funded by large and powerful companies can have a great personal cost,even if it is done to uphold ethical principles.
B)  that speaking out against research that is funded by large and powerful companies can be rewarded by the scientific community.
C)  that a researcher should remain loyal to the sponsoring organization.
D)  that a researcher should exit the situation immediately.
E)  none of the above.

Question 17

Define the following:informed consent

Accepted Answer

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Question 18

Tri-Council Policy Statement on the Ethical Conduct for Research Involving Humans specifies that researchers have a duty to do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  refrain from researching special populations
B)  share data pertaining to Canadian citizens and institutions with the Canadian government
C)  refuse compensation for conducting research
D)  maximize the benefits that their research has on others
E)  refrain from politicizing research findings

Question 19

Professor Ivan Ishtar copied five pages from a student paper that was not protected by copyright laws and put it in an article he published but failed to give credit to the student.He also claimed to interview 10 people who he never interviewed.Professor Ishtar committed all the following activities EXCEPT which one?

Accepted Answer

A)  Plagiarism
B)  Research fraud
C)  Scientific misconduct
D)  Unethical but legal behaviour
E)  Illegal but ethical behaviour

Question 20

Define the following:legal harm

Accepted Answer

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Exam 3: Ethics in Social Research