Question 1

Aaron Beck is to ______ therapy as Albert Ellis is to ______ therapy.

Accepted Answer

A)  rational-emotive behavior; cognitive 
B)  cognitive; Gestalt 
C)  operant-based behavioral; classical-based behavioral 
D)  Gestalt; cognitive 
E)  cognitive; rational-emotive behavior

Question 2

Which of the following DOES NOT belong?

Accepted Answer

A)  empty chair technique 
B)  systematic desensitization 
C)  modeling 
D)  gradual exposure 
E)  aversive conditioning

Question 3

Gestalt therapy frequently uses which of the following techniques?

Accepted Answer

A)  empty chair 
B)  free association 
C)  dream analysis 
D)  reflecting back 
E)  behavior modification

Question 4

Learning desirable behavior by watching and imitating others is known as ______,and ______ pioneered the use of this technique to help people overcome phobias.

Accepted Answer

A)  transference; Sigmund Freud 
B)  modeling; John B.Watson 
C)  modeling; Albert Ellis 
D)  transference; Albert Bandura 
E)  modeling; Albert Bandura

Question 5

In a study reported in the text,which orientation was most often reported by a group of clinical and counseling psychologists?

Accepted Answer

A)  Eclectic 
B)  Gestalt 
C)  Cognitive-behavioral 
D)  Psychoanalytic 
E)  Client-centered

Question 6

According to Ellis,negative emotions are

Accepted Answer

A)  inevitable consequences of negative events. 
B)  automatic reactions of the central nervous system. 
C)  produced directly by life events. 
D)  the result of irrational beliefs about life events. 
E)  the logical result of overanalyzing one's life situation.

Question 7

Phenothiazines would be used to treat which of the following people?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tobey,who has schizophrenia 
B)  Kirsten,who has bulimia 
C)  Sami,who has bipolar disorder 
D)  Michelle,who has an anxiety disorder 
E)  Alfredo,who has major depression

Question 8

All but which of the following describes the practice of psychotherapy?

Accepted Answer

A)  based on verbal interactions 
B)  used to resolve emotional problems 
C)  used to resolve behavioral problems 
D)  involves the use of psychiatric drugs when needed 
E)  comprises many different types

Question 9

All but which of the following describes the functions of the community-based mental health centers?

Accepted Answer

A)  crisis intervention 
B)  protective living environments for long-term patients 
C)  supervised residential facilities 
D)  outpatient care 
E)  day treatment programs

Question 10

According to a psychoanalyst,anxiety results from

Accepted Answer

A)  unacceptable impulses that threaten to leak into consciousness. 
B)  the id's desire to meet the demands of the ego. 
C)  the id's desire to meet the demands of the superego. 
D)  the superego's attempts to satisfy the ego. 
E)  a failure of the superego to control the ego.

Question 11

Regarding the effectiveness of psychotherapy,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  While the majority of people benefit from therapy,some may deteriorate. 
B)  Meta-analysis is a statistical technique used to average the results across a large number of studies,and this technique has been used to evaluate the effectiveness of therapy. 
C)  The greatest improvements in therapy are typically gained during the last few months of treatment. 
D)  Research supports the overall effectives of psychotherapy,marital therapy,group therapy,and family therapy. 
E)  The average therapy client achieves greater improvement than the majority of people assigned to untreated control groups.

Question 12

Lakeisha has a snake phobia and decides to see a behavioral therapist.Her therapist suggests systematic desensitization.What is the second step Lakeisha will take in her therapy?

Accepted Answer

A)  touching a snake 
B)  looking at pictures of a snake 
C)  learning relaxation techniques 
D)  being in the same room as a snake 
E)  developing a fear hierarchy for snakes

Question 13

Regarding cognitive therapies,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cognitive therapy techniques are based on the view that distorted ways of thinking underlie emotional problems. 
B)  Cognitive therapies are relatively brief forms of treatment. 
C)  Cognitive therapies focus more on what is happening in the present than on what happened in the past. 
D)  Clients are given "homework assignments" in cognitive therapy. 
E)  Cognitive therapists believe that emotional problems are caused by negative events and life experiences.

Question 14

Major tranquilizer is to _____ as minor tranquilizer is to ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  antipsychotic; antianxiety 
B)  antipsychotic; antidepressant 
C)  antidepressant; antipsychotic 
D)  antidepressant; antianxiety 
E)  antianxiety; antipsychotic

Question 15

Psychosurgery is sometimes used today to treat severe cases of

Accepted Answer

A)  schizophrenia. 
B)  antisocial personality disorder. 
C)  generalized anxiety disorder. 
D)  obsessive-compulsive disorder. 
E)  conversion disorder.

Question 16

Regarding psychotropic drugs,which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Scientists have developed drugs that work on neurotransmitter irregularities that are involved in a wide range of psychological disorders. 
B)  There are four major groupings of psychotropic drugs-antianxiety,antidepressant,antipsychotic,and antisomatic. 
C)  Psychotropic drugs work as either agonists or antagonists. 
D)  Limitations of psychotropic drugs include side effects and potential for abuse. 
E)  Compared to other biomedical therapies,psychotropic drugs are less controversial.

Question 17

All but which of the following people are demonstrating an irrational belief,according to Ellis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Antoine believes that he must always have the approval of virtually all the important people in his life. 
B)  Beatriz thinks it is awful and catastrophic when life does not go the way she wants it to go. 
C)  Carmine believes that her past will invariably affect her and determine her behavior. 
D)  Dominic believes that people must always treat him fairly,and it is horrible when they do not. 
E)  Eduardo believes that life's problems don't typically have clear and quick solutions.

Question 18

Which of the following describes the primary purpose of the modern mental hospital?

Accepted Answer

A)  to provide outpatient care 
B)  to provide a supervised residential facility 
C)  to serve as a halfway house 
D)  to offer day treatment programs 
E)  to provide a protective living environment for long-term patients

Question 19

Eclectic therapists

Accepted Answer

A)  do not believe in using psychoanalysis. 
B)  generally adhere to behavioral principles. 
C)  are most often humanistic therapists. 
D)  are more often psychiatrists than psychologists. 
E)  integrate approaches from many different schools of therapy.

Question 20

In psychoanalysis,_____ describes blocking that occurs when the therapy touches upon anxiety-evoking thoughts or feelings.

Accepted Answer

A)  resistance 
B)  transference 
C)  countertransference 
D)  interpretation 
E)  insight

Exam 13: Methods of Therapy

Aaron Beck is to therapy as Albert Ellis is to therapy.