Question 1

The endoplasmic reticulum is a ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  network of thin tubes that transport newly synthesized proteins 
B)  site where the cell synthesizes new protein molecules 
C)  structure that separates the inside of the cell from the outside 
D)  structure that contains the chromosomes

Question 2

Which type of glia remove waste material in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Astrocytes 
B)  Schwann cells 
C)  Oligodendrocytes 
D)  Radial glia

Question 3

What type of neuron in the pons receives information only from other cells in the pons and sends information only to other cells in the pons?

Accepted Answer

A)  Afferent 
B)  Efferent 
C)  Intrinsic 
D)  Inter-synaptic

Question 4

After the peak of an action potential, what prevents sodium ions from continuing to enter the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is no longer a concentration gradient for sodium. 
B)  The sodium-potassium pump greatly increases its rate of activity. 
C)  All the available sodium ions have already entered the cell. 
D)  The sodium gates in the membrane close.

Question 5

The tree-like branches of a neuron that receive information from other neurons are called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  axons 
B)  dendrites 
C)  soma 
D)  myelin

Question 6

Explain the function and process of a neuron's refractory period.

Accepted Answer

The answer of  Explain the function and process of a...

Question 7

What causes potassium ions to leave the axon just after the peak of the action potential?

Accepted Answer

A)  A continuing concentration gradient and the opening of the potassium gates 
B)  An increase in the concentration gradient across the membrane 
C)  An increased tendency of the sodium-potassium pump to push potassium out 
D)  Binding of potassium ions to proteins that leave at this time

Question 8

Which action would depolarize a neuron?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreasing membrane permeability to calcium 
B)  Increasing membrane permeability to potassium 
C)  Decreasing membrane permeability to sodium 
D)  Increasing membrane permeability to sodium

Question 9

Provide a summary of the all-or-none law of action potentials.

Accepted Answer

The answer of  Provide a summary of the all-or-none law...

Question 10

Jena is reviewing her notes on action potentials for a quiz. She makes an extra notation that before the action potential when the neuron is at rest, sodium channels _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  are open and allow sodium ions to flow through easily 
B)  are closed and don't allow sodium to pass through. 
C)  are partially open, so sodium leaks through slowly 
D)  are partially open but at equilibrium, so the sodium doesn't move

Question 11

Professor Michaels is explaining to his students that, when the neuron is at rest, ______ is mostly responsible for the movement of potassium ions out of the cell.

Accepted Answer

A)  potassium's electrical gradient 
B)  potassium's concentration gradient 
C)  the sodium-potassium pump 
D)  sodium's electrical gradient

Question 12

Voltage-activated channels are channels for which a change in the voltage across the membrane alters their ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  permeability 
B)  length 
C)  number 
D)  threshold

Question 13

Dendrites ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  contain the nucleus, ribosomes, and other structures found in most cells 
B)  are branching fibers that get narrower near their ends 
C)  are thin fibers of constant diameter 
D)  are an insulating material that cover an axon

Question 14

Increasing the electrical gradient for potassium will reduce the tendency for potassium ions to exit the neuron.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

In order to change the amount of polarization of a neuron, Professor Alley would need to change the difference in voltage between _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the dendrites and the axon hillock 
B)  the axon and the soma 
C)  inside the nucleus and outside the nucleus 
D)  inside the cell and outside the cell

Question 16

The membrane of a neuron is composed of ____ with ____ embedded in them.

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrates; purines 
B)  phospholipids; proteins 
C)  proteins; neurotransmitters 
D)  benzene molecules; carbohydrates

Question 17

Dr. Skinner is working in the lab measuring the voltage of neurons, and during one condition, she tried to depolarize the neurons from -70 mV to -80 mV.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Dr. Delillo studies the resting potential of neurons. He has found that _______ is the main reason the neuron is able to maintain the resting potential.

Accepted Answer

A)  the size difference between the axon and dendrites 
B)  the sodium-potassium pump 
C)  the concentration gradient 
D)  the refractory period of the membrane

Question 19

As a general rule, axons convey information ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  toward dendrites of their own cell 
B)  toward their own cell body 
C)  away from their own cell body 
D)  to surrounding glia

Question 20

Dendrites contain the nuclei, ribosomes, mitochondria, and other structures found in most cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 1: Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

The endoplasmic reticulum is a ____.

Which type of glia remove waste material in the nervous system?

What type of neuron in the pons receives information only from other cells in the pons and sends information only to other cells in the pons?

After the peak of an action potential, what prevents sodium ions from continuing to enter the cell?

The tree-like branches of a neuron that receive information from other neurons are called _____.

Explain the function and process of a neuron's refractory period.

What causes potassium ions to leave the axon just after the peak of the action potential?

Which action would depolarize a neuron?

Provide a summary of the all-or-none law of action potentials.

Jena is reviewing her notes on action potentials for a quiz. She makes an extra notation that before the action potential when the neuron is at rest, sodium channels _____.

Professor Michaels is explaining to his students that, when the neuron is at rest, ______ is mostly responsible for the movement of potassium ions out of the cell.

Voltage-activated channels are channels for which a change in the voltage across the membrane alters their ____.

Dendrites ____.

Increasing the electrical gradient for potassium will reduce the tendency for potassium ions to exit the neuron.

In order to change the amount of polarization of a neuron, Professor Alley would need to change the difference in voltage between _____.

The membrane of a neuron is composed of with embedded in them.

Dr. Skinner is working in the lab measuring the voltage of neurons, and during one condition, she tried to depolarize the neurons from -70 mV to -80 mV.

Dr. Delillo studies the resting potential of neurons. He has found that _______ is the main reason the neuron is able to maintain the resting potential.

As a general rule, axons convey information ____.

Dendrites contain the nuclei, ribosomes, mitochondria, and other structures found in most cells.