Question 1

The nurse caring for an older adult client diagnosed with both chronic cardiac and renal disorders best minimizes the client's risk of developing dehydration as a result of being hypovolemic by:

Accepted Answer

A)  identifying the client's oral fluid preferences and offering them to him regularly.
B)  carefully monitoring the effects of daily diuretic therapy via blood sodium levels.
C)  minimizing the client's reliance on laxatives by increasing his dietary fiber intake.
D)  careful monitoring of the rate of infusion of all intravenous fluids prescribed. A

Question 2

In order to best minimize the negative effects that a newly widowed client who lives alone has begun to experience regarding her nutritional status, the nurse suggests to her grown children that they:

Accepted Answer

A)  help identify possible barriers to their mother achieving good nutritional health.
B)  ensure that the client has an adequate supply of healthy, easily prepared foods available.
C)  contact a food delivery service to provide one nutritiously sound meal a day.
D)  arrange a schedule that allows someone to have dinner with her each evening. D

Question 3

During a nutritional assessment, a 79-year-old client responds, "My weight is fine.I weigh the same as I did 15 years ago." The nurse responds based on the understanding that older clients:

Accepted Answer

A)  generally guess their weight rather than weighing themselves.
B)  often rely on how their clothes fit to determine whether their weight has changed.
C)  sometimes experience altered metabolic problems that hide weight change.
D)  often exchange lean muscle mass for body fat so weight stays the same. D

Question 4

The nurse is caring for four postsurgical clients who have experienced similar abdominal procedures and are all 68 years of age.The nurse anticipates that the client with the greatest risk for complications resulting in an extended hospitalization has:

Accepted Answer

A)  a history of Crohn's disease.
B)  developed mild confusion.
C)  an allergy to latex.
D)  experienced severe nausea and vomiting from the anesthesia.

Question 5

An older adult client has experienced severe nausea and vomiting for 2 days since undergoing abdominal surgery and a prealbumin serum blood test is ordered.The nurse explains the rationale for the test to the client's family by saying:

Accepted Answer

A)  "The health care provider is interested in whether there is enough available protein in the blood."
B)  "This test is designed to determine how the body is meeting current demands for protein."
C)  "The test will tell us if the vomiting has created a problem with protein metabolism."
D)  "Healing from such a surgery requires protein and this test measures protein."

Question 6

A 73-year-old client is concerned about staying healthy for as long as possible.When asked what lifestyle changes the client should consider, the nurse suggests:

Accepted Answer

A)  "As your metabolism slows, you will need to increase your intake of fat."
B)  "If you are having difficulty sleeping, a mild sedative at bedtime will help you get a good night's sleep."
C)  "Regular exercise will help you preserve function and reduce your risk for disease."
D)  "Minimize stress by being willing to ask your family for help when you need it."

Question 7

The nurse conducting a food recall assessment on an older adult client shows an understanding of the requirements of the process when:

Accepted Answer

A)  having the client identify any existing food allergies.
B)  assisting the client to remove his shoes before being weighed.
C)  asking how the food being discussed was prepared.
D)  observing the hair pattern on the client's head.

Question 8

Based on recent surveys identifying nutritional information concerning the daily diet of older adult in America, the nurse suggests:

Accepted Answer

A)  substituting carbohydrates with lean protein sources.
B)  adding calories through the addition of fruits and vegetables.
C)  introducing a protein at each meal.
D)  relying on foods that are both easy to chew and to digest.

Question 9

An older adult client has been prescribed a specialized enteral formula to provide adequate nutrition after an extensive surgical procedure.The nurse anticipates and addresses a concern of many clients in this cohort when assuring her that:

Accepted Answer

A)  her family can easily manage the formula after she is discharged.
B)  Medicare will cover the expense of the treatment.
C)  the treatment will be discontinued as soon as she is able to eat sufficiently.
D)  this is the most effective form of nutrition for her at this time.

Question 10

An older adult client with a history of a myocardial infarction tells the nurse that he takes his daily dose of prescribed aspirin with breakfast each morning.The nurse's response is:

Accepted Answer

A)  "Food interferes with the drug's absorption, so take it between not with meals."
B)  "Taking aspirin with food is likely to cause nausea."
C)  "Taking the drug with food is likely to alter the taste of the food."
D)  "Eating as you take the aspirin is likely to result in constipation."

Exam 10: Nutrition