Question 1

Lee Brooks tested the notion that

Accepted Answer

A) visual perception could interfere with verbal perception. 
B) producing a verbal response could interfere with visual imagery,and visual perception could interfere with mental manipulation of words. 
C) producing a verbal response could interfere with mental manipulation of words,and visual perception could interfere with visual imagery. 
D) verbal imagery seems to be processed differently than visual imagery.

Question 2

This type of hint in experiments involving the reinterpretation of ambiguous figures involves identifying sections of the figure for analyses.

Accepted Answer

A) implicit reference-frame hint 
B) attentional hint 
C) construals from "good" parts 
D) explicit reference-frame hint

Question 3

This concept states that the relationship between a word and what it represents is arbitrary (e.g. ,there is nothing special about the word "dog" that represents particular aspects of a dog).

Accepted Answer

A) analogue representation 
B) semantic representation 
C) deductive code 
D) symbolic representation

Question 4

Which of the following is a conclusion drawn by Stephen Kosslyn in a study dealing with image size?

Accepted Answer

A) The resolution for objects that take up a small area of the mental screen is more detailed than it is for larger objects. 
B) The resolution for objects that take up a large area of the mental screen is more detailed than it is for objects that are smaller. 
C) The resolution for both large and small objects is equally highly detailed. 
D) Resolution varies randomly with sizes of objects.

Question 5

How would a map maker make use of information about the mental shortcuts people
take with spatial information? How would the various heuristics affect giving directions?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How would a map maker make use...

Question 6

Research that studies brain lesions suggests a lateralization of function.Impairment to verbal memory and verbal comprehension suggests lesions in (the)

Accepted Answer

A) left hemisphere. 
B) right hemisphere. 
C) both hemispheres. 
D) neither hemisphere.

Question 7

Debbie is trying to recall the words to the French national anthem.Jim is trying to recall the exact appearance of the Statue of Liberty.If asked,Paivio would probably say that Debbie is retrieving information stored in a(n)__________ code,whereas Jim is retrieving information stored in a(n)__________ code.

Accepted Answer

A) analogue;symbolic 
B) symbolic;analogue 
C) visual;verbal 
D) symbolic;verbal

Question 8

According to Gazzaniga and Sperry,lesions in the right hemisphere are associated with impaired

Accepted Answer

A) visual perception only. 
B) visual memory only. 
C) visual perception and visual memory. 
D) verbal memory,not visual memory.

Question 9

Edward Tolman argued that rats running a maze learn a __________,an internal representation of the maze.

Accepted Answer

A) cognitive map 
B) route-road map 
C) survey map 
D) perceptual map

Question 10

Farah and her colleagues found activation of the occipital region of the brain for

Accepted Answer

A) both visual perception and visual imagery. 
B) visual perception only. 
C) visual imagery only. 
D) neither visual perception nor visual memory.

Question 11

Let's say that you are developing an artificial life form-the Super Advanced Reliable Artificial Helper (S.A.R.A.H. ).State which model of representation you would use for S.A.R.A.H.and why.Make sure your response includes practical application of knowledge that would allow your artificial life form to deal with and move through the environment (e.g. ,going to the grocery story to retrieve all the items on the list).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Let's say that you are developing an...

Question 12

In an experiment testing the influence of demand characteristics,experimenters were led to believe that the results would form a U-shaped curve,when in reality the results

Accepted Answer

A) formed a traditional V-shaped graph. 
B) formed a traditional linear relation. 
C) actually did form a U-shaped curve. 
D) were in complete agreement with Intons-Peterson's findings.

Question 13

In a study on image scanning,Kosslyn found that it takes longer mentally to scan across

Accepted Answer

A) smaller objects than larger objects. 
B) familiar locations than unfamiliar locations. 
C) longer distances than shorter distances. 
D) distances when an incentive is not offered than distances when an incentive is offered.

Question 14

The dual-code theory was first proposed by

Accepted Answer

A) Stephen Kosslyn. 
B) Allan Paivio. 
C) Lee Brooks. 
D) John Anderson.

Question 15

Nobel Prize-winning scientist Karl van Frisch studied the behavior of __________ and their methods of communicating information,which appear to be based on some type of imaginal maps.

Accepted Answer

A) students 
B) bees 
C) rats 
D) psychologists

Question 16

The dual-code theory states that

Accepted Answer

A) all information is encoded in the same form and can be called up as either a visual or verbal representation. 
B) information is represented in the form of a proposition with two separate ways of encoding information,verbally and nonverbally. 
C) some information is represented in a verbal form,some in a nonverbal form,and some is encoded and stored in both forms. 
D) all information is either represented in a verbal or in a nonverbal form,but not both.

Question 17

In a study in which participants were asked to estimate distances between buildings on a map they had seen,the participants guessed __________ distances when traveling to a landmark than when traveling to a non-landmark.

Accepted Answer

A) longer 
B) shorter 
C) the same 
D) randomly varying

Question 18

This manipulation of ambiguous figures involves a shift in the figure in regards to its "positional orientations of the figures on the mental page or screen."

Accepted Answer

A) mental repositioning 
B) mental reassessment 
C) mental realignment 
D) mental reconstrual

Question 19

Jane is asked to imagine standing on the north end of the town square and then describe what she sees.In her description Jane reports all of the buildings on the east side of the square,but none from the west side of the square.Based on this report,one might conclude that Jane is suffering from

Accepted Answer

A) unilateral visual neglect. 
B) imaginarial dysfunction. 
C) representational neglect. 
D) hemispatial syndrome.

Question 20

__________ found that participants seem to have auditory as well as visual mental images,and that some of the same findings from visual image-scanning studies apply in auditory scanning.

Accepted Answer

A) Karl van Frisch 
B) Stephen Kosslyn 
C) Edward Tolman 
D) Margaret Intons-Peterson

Exam 7: The Landscape of Memory: Mental Images, maps, and Propositions