Question 1

Every person charged with a crime in the United States is sentenced after receiving a trial by jury.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

The United States is the only western, high-income nation that routinely imposes the death penalty on convicted offenders.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

What does the chapter-opening story about the conviction and imprisonment of Bruce Glover suggest about punishment in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)   Crime truly does pay.
B)   Convicts can lose everything important to them while in prison and struggle once they get out to fit back into society.
C)   The U.S. criminal justice system truly rehabilitates criminals effectively.
D)   After you get out of prison, society welcomes you back with open arms. B

Question 4

The "Seeing Sociology in the News" box on

Accepted Answer

A)   do not arrest well-off people for crimes that land the poor in jail.
B)   incarcerate more persons than any other country in the world.
C)   let people work off a jail sentence by doing community service.
D)   have replaced prison with counseling sessions.

Question 5

Both Albert Cohen and Walter Miller argue that deviance is most likely to arise among:

Accepted Answer

A)   high-income males.
B)   middle-class men and women.
C)   low-income youths.
D)   all class levels.

Question 6

If a parent threatens a child with punishment in order to discourage wrongdoing, the parent is using punishment to accomplish which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   deterrence
B)   retribution
C)   social protection
D)   rehabilitation

Question 7

In legal terms, a crime is composed of which two components?

Accepted Answer

A)   the act and criminal intent
B)   a criminal and a victim
C)   the act and the social harm
D)   the law and the violation

Question 8

Probation and parole are two types of community-based corrections.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Men, who represent about half the U.S. population, account for about _____ of all arrests for property crime.

Accepted Answer

A)   37 percent
B)   51 percent
C)   67 percent
D)   91 percent

Question 10

Edwin Lemert described "primary deviance" as:

Accepted Answer

A)   the most serious episodes of deviance.
B)   actions that parents define as deviant.
C)   a passing episode of deviance that has little effect on the person's self-concept.
D)   the experience of deviance early in life.

Question 11

A judge sentences a young man who has committed several crimes to counseling and places him in a supportive foster home. Which of the following concepts describes these efforts to prevent further wrongdoing?

Accepted Answer

A)   retribution
B)   deterrence
C)   social protection
D)   rehabilitation

Question 12

Travis Hirschi's control theory makes the point that people who commit crime typically have little concern about the consequences of their behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Assume you were listening to a lecture on Durkheim's approach to deviance. Which of the following statements might well be the focus of the lecture?

Accepted Answer

A)   Deviance is a normal element of social organization.
B)   Deviance is a dysfunctional element of social organization.
C)   Deviance is less common in modern societies.
D)   Deviance is defined by the rich and used against the poor.

Question 14

Cloward and Ohlin extended Merton's theory of deviance, stating that crime:

Accepted Answer

A)   reflects both limited legitimate opportunity as well as accessible illegitimate opportunity.
B)   is more common among the rich who have more opportunity.
C)   is defined in such a way as to overly criminalize the poor.
D)   is typically a result of drug dependence or other substance addiction.

Question 15

Criminal statistics gathered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation reflect:

Accepted Answer

A)   all crimes that take place.
B)   offenses cleared by arrest.
C)   offenses resulting in a criminal conviction.
D)   offenses known to the police.

Question 16

Which of the following are functions of deviance noted by Emile Durkheim?

Accepted Answer

A)   Deviance affirms cultural values and norms.
B)   Responding to deviance promotes social unity.
C)   Responding to deviance clarifies moral boundaries.
D)   All of the above are correct.

Question 17

The U.S. government provides a great deal of data about crime in the United States. Drawing on FBI data, what can we say about the "typical street criminal" in terms of age, gender, social class, and race and ethnicity? In each case, what can you say to explain the pattern? Finally, explain several reasons why we must treat criminal statistics with caution.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The U.S. government provides a great deal...

Question 18

Robert Merton claimed that the "strains of masculinity" are one important cause of crime.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Using a Marxist approach, Steven Spitzer claims that prime targets for deviant labeling include:

Accepted Answer

A)   people who try to take the property of others.
B)   people who don't want to work for a living.
C)   radicals who call for basic change in society itself.
D)   All of the above are correct.

Question 20

Most criminal cases handled by the criminal justice system in the United States are resolved:

Accepted Answer

A)   through plea bargaining.
B)   with a judge dismissing all charges.
C)   with convictions after a courtroom trial.
D)   with a suspect being convicted and sentenced to prison.

Exam 9: Deviance

Every person charged with a crime in the United States is sentenced after receiving a trial by jury.

The United States is the only western, high-income nation that routinely imposes the death penalty on convicted offenders.

What does the chapter-opening story about the conviction and imprisonment of Bruce Glover suggest about punishment in the United States?

The "Seeing Sociology in the News" box on

Both Albert Cohen and Walter Miller argue that deviance is most likely to arise among:

If a parent threatens a child with punishment in order to discourage wrongdoing, the parent is using punishment to accomplish which of the following?

In legal terms, a crime is composed of which two components?

Probation and parole are two types of community-based corrections.

Men, who represent about half the U.S. population, account for about _____ of all arrests for property crime.

Edwin Lemert described "primary deviance" as:

A judge sentences a young man who has committed several crimes to counseling and places him in a supportive foster home. Which of the following concepts describes these efforts to prevent further wrongdoing?

Travis Hirschi's control theory makes the point that people who commit crime typically have little concern about the consequences of their behavior.

Assume you were listening to a lecture on Durkheim's approach to deviance. Which of the following statements might well be the focus of the lecture?

Cloward and Ohlin extended Merton's theory of deviance, stating that crime:

Criminal statistics gathered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation reflect:

Which of the following are functions of deviance noted by Emile Durkheim?

Robert Merton claimed that the "strains of masculinity" are one important cause of crime.

Using a Marxist approach, Steven Spitzer claims that prime targets for deviant labeling include:

Most criminal cases handled by the criminal justice system in the United States are resolved: