Question 1

Some observers of less-developed countries use the term ________ to describe the unequal economic relationship between those countries and advanced democracies in the modern postcolonial era.

Accepted Answer

A)  quasi-socialism 
B)  pseudocapitalism 
C)  protoliberalism 
D)  neocolonialism

Question 2

Countries that are experiencing rapid economic growth and democratization are generally known as ________ countries.

Accepted Answer

A)  newly developing 
B)  less-developed 
C)  peripheral 
D)  middle income

Question 3

What is microcredit? Describe the potential benefits and drawbacks of this strategy for economic development?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is microcredit? Describe the potential benefits...

Question 4

How did import substitution compare with export-oriented industrialization as a real-world strategy for economic development and modernization? How did the Washington Consensus propose to address the problems of both of these economic development strategies?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How did import substitution compare with export-oriented...

Question 5

Countries that are experiencing weak economic and political development are known as ________ countries.

Accepted Answer

A)  newly developing 
B)  newly industrializing 
C)  peripheral 
D)  lower income

Question 6

The term for the physical occupation of a foreign territory through military force,businesses,or settlers is

Accepted Answer

A)  federalism. 
B)  democracy. 
C)  colonialism. 
D)  autonomy.

Question 7

Import substitution is most closely related to which of the following political-economic systems?

Accepted Answer

A)  social democracy 
B)  mercantilism 
C)  liberalism 
D)  communism

Question 8

Which of the following can be said about the effects of imperialism on gender roles?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is difficult to generalize about the effects on gender roles, but in many countries imperialism likely made gender roles more fixed. 
B)  Imperialism dramatically reduced the number of economic roles for women. 
C)  Women in most countries that came under imperial control saw their political and social status rise slightly. 
D)  Western values imposed on countries under imperial control resulted in the liberation of many women from the domestic sphere.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes modernization under imperialism in most colonial states?

Accepted Answer

A)  incomplete transition between Western and traditional institutions 
B)  complete destruction of local institutions with no new ones to take their place 
C)  largely a successful implementation of governmental structures that mirrored the colonial power's government 
D)  complete transformation to modern social institutions but with economic modernization lagging behind

Question 10

In comparing the development of postcolonial countries,which of the following pairs of factors have shown strong correlation with each other?

Accepted Answer

A)  political stability and multiculturalism 
B)  abundant natural resources and weak economic development 
C)  deep ethnic divisions and strong economic growth 
D)  presidential systems and robust economic growth

Question 11

What is the role of civil society and political engagement in developing a more effective state?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the role of civil society...

Question 12

Policies supported by the IMF and World Bank to increase economic liberalization in less-developed countries are often referred to as the

Accepted Answer

A)  Washington Consensus. 
B)  Multilateral Accord. 
C)  Millennium Action Accord. 
D)  United Nations Economic Compact.

Question 13

Inequality under imperialism was exacerbated by

Accepted Answer

A)  imperial obsessions with mass literacy. 
B)  imperial obsessions with religious differences and conversion. 
C)  imperial obsessions with forefronting racial differences. 
D)  imperial interest in suppressing nationalist sentiment.

Question 14

South Korea is among the Asian countries that pursued an export-oriented strategy known as

Accepted Answer

A)  import substitution. 
B)  the industrial curve. 
C)  product peripheralism. 
D)  the product life cycle.

Question 15

Which of the following might be a Washington Consensus policy recommendation to a less-developed country that would be opposed by a supporter of import substitution policy?

Accepted Answer

A)  investing heavily in domestic agriculture 
B)  raising tariffs to reduce foreign imports 
C)  reducing state power 
D)  promoting private domestic industry

Exam 10: Developing Countries