Question 1

A trait's heritability is the proportion of its variation that:

Accepted Answer

A)  is genetic.
B)  cannot be explained.
C)  is the product of genes and environment.
D)  results from the environment alone. A

Question 2

DNA replication produces:

Accepted Answer

A)  four identical daughter cells.
B)  two identical copies of itself.
C)  two single strands of DNA.
D)  four single strands of DNA. B

Question 3

The presence of a recessive allele:

Accepted Answer

A)  can always be determined from the phenotype.
B)  can be masked in the phenotype.
C)  is expressed in the phenotype alongside a dominant allele.
D)  can never be expressed in the phenotype. B

Question 4

Meiosis results in the production of:

Accepted Answer

A)  two gametes.
B)  four gametes.
C)  a single gamete.
D)  none of the above

Question 5

Homologous chromosomes:

Accepted Answer

A)  are genetically identical.
B)  carry genetic information that influences the same traits.
C)  are inherited only from the mother.
D)  are members of different pairs.

Question 6

Chromosome number is reduced during:

Accepted Answer

A)  mitosis.
B)  recombination.
C)  translation.
D)  meiosis.

Question 7

Haplotypes are:

Accepted Answer

A)  not likely to recombine during crossovers.
B)  likely to recombine during crossovers.
C)  genes that code for similar things.
D)  genetic material that come from one parent only.

Question 8

Microsatellites are:

Accepted Answer

A)  small satellite transmitters used in genetic research.
B)  useful for determining group but not individual identification.
C)  highly individualized repetitive stretches of nuclear DNA.
D)  known from Watson and Crick's 1950's research.

Question 9

What is the evolutionary significance of meiosis?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the evolutionary significance of meiosis?...

Question 10

DNA is important for protein synthesis because it:

Accepted Answer

A)  is the biological code for the production of hormones and enzymes.
B)  serves as a template to which amino acids are attached in protein production.
C)  provides the code to produce proteins.
D)  transfers information from RNA to proteins.

Question 11

Homeotic (Hox) genes are:

Accepted Answer

A)  structural genes.
B)  responsible for the development and location of key body parts.
C)  responsible for determining the sex of offspring.
D)  not used during embryonic development.

Question 12

Proteins consist of:

Accepted Answer

A)  genes.
B)  RNA plus mRNA.
C)  chains of DNA nucleotides.
D)  chains of amino acids.

Question 13

Prokaryotes first appeared:

Accepted Answer

A)  10,000 years ago.
B)  1 mya.
C)  3.5 bya.
D)  65 mya.

Question 14

RNA differs from DNA in that it uses:

Accepted Answer

A)  uracil instead of adenine.
B)  uracil instead of guanine.
C)  guanine instead of uracil.
D)  uracil instead of thymine.

Question 15

Down syndrome can occur:

Accepted Answer

A)  as a result of translocation during mitosis.
B)  because of nondisjunction, which yields an extra chromosome.
C)  most frequently in the offspring of women under the age of 40.
D)  most frequently in the offspring of men under the age of 40.

Question 16

Genetic analysis of haplotypes and variants among living and precontact Native Americans indicates that Native Americans:

Accepted Answer

A)  underwent a huge decline in genetic diversity after Columbus's arrival in the New World.
B)  living today appear to be as diverse genetically as their ancient ancestors thousands of years ago.
C)  have a genetic structure and haplogroups that are quite recent.
D)  living today appear to be more diverse genetically than their ancient ancestors.

Question 17

Gametes are:

Accepted Answer

A)  diploid.
B)  haploid.
C)  produced during mitosis.
D)  somatic.

Question 18

_______ DNA is heteroplasmic, meaning it can differ among different parts of a person's body.

Accepted Answer

A)  Nuclear
B)  All
C)  Ribosomal
D)  Mitochondrial

Question 19

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) differs from ribonucleic acid (RNA) in that it:

Accepted Answer

A)  was studied during Darwin's lifetime.
B)  is the so-called recipe for all biological characteristics and functions in animals.
C)  was discovered by Mendel.
D)  is stored in ribosomes.

Question 20

In his experiments with garden peas, Mendel found that one physical unit is inherited from the father and one from the mother.This provided evidence for:

Accepted Answer

A)  Mendel's law of independent assortment.
B)  Thomas Hunt Morgan's ideas of mutation.
C)  Mendel's law of segregation.
D)  Mendel's concept of nondisjunction.

Exam 3: Genetics: Reproducing Life and Producing Variation