Question 1

Which of the following accurately highlights the difference between norms and laws?

Accepted Answer

A)  Norms are generally not written down whereas laws are written down.
B)  Violations of norms have no consequences whereas violations of laws have severe consequences.
C)  Norms are unambiguous whereas laws can be interpreted in a variety of ways.
D)  Norms constrain personal but not social behaviour,whereas laws constrain social behaviour but not personal behaviour. A

Question 2

__________ are formal groups of people acting together in pursuit of a common goal.

Accepted Answer

A)  Institutions
B)  Organizations
C)  Families
D)  Regimes B

Question 3

What was the second major economic shift in North American history?

Accepted Answer

A)  agriculture
B)  manufacturing
C)  technology
D)  knowledge B

Question 4

When are stereotypes most likely to enable discrimination?

Accepted Answer

A)  when stereotypes are widely held by the dominant group and others
B)  when stereotypes are based on gender rather than race
C)  when stereotypes are based on fact
D)  when stereotypes disproportionately affect one subordinate group

Question 5

You are the coach of a little league baseball team.You decide that it would be a good idea to teach the players about social roles.Which of the following examples is the clearest example of a role?

Accepted Answer

A)  The team that hits more baseballs tends to win.
B)  The job of the catcher is to catch the ball and throw it back to the pitcher.
C)  Players who hit more home runs are usually liked better by their teammates.
D)  Some kids prefer to play with grass in the outfield rather than pay attention to game play.

Question 6

Dominant groups use __________ to control opportunities and reduce or eliminate challenges from subordinate groups.

Accepted Answer

A)  structure and conflict
B)  only formal elections
C)  both informal and legal means
D)  role conflict and strain

Question 7

Which of the following statements about interest groups is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Interest groups would rather tear down parts of the social structure than reform it.
B)  Interest groups will fight to protect existing social arrangements when they are beneficial to their members.
C)  Interest groups are completely averse to the status quo.
D)  Interest groups have no relationship to paths of dependence.

Question 8

Which of the following statements best explains how government impacts social structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Government is the ultimate expression of the power of institutions.
B)  Governments have very little sway over the social structure.
C)  Small,informal organizations have enormous power over government institutions.
D)  Governments experience regular deinstitutionalization through social protest.

Question 9

In the debate between the power of social structure and free will,you fall on the side of free will.Which of the following statements are you most likely to believe?

Accepted Answer

A)  Individuals have little control over the worlds they inhabit.
B)  Individuals have a great deal of control when it comes to their day-to-day actions.
C)  Agency is an illusion but so is social structure.
D)  Agency is key to social power.

Question 10

Which of the following statements regarding social hierarchy and life chances is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Where we stand in key social hierarchies is inconsequential to life chances.
B)  Where we stand in key social hierarchies has a huge bearing on life chances.
C)  Where we stand in key social hierarchies as an adult,but not as a child,has a huge bearing on life chances.
D)  Where we stand in key social hierarchies is generally arbitrary and has an equally arbitrary bearing on life chances.

Question 11

What is the process through which people learn to behave in society or in particular social settings?

Accepted Answer

A)  memorization
B)  experimentation
C)  localization
D)  socialization

Question 12

Social structures get their power from ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  their durability
B)  their flexibility
C)  their physicality
D)  their interactivity

Question 13

Why are social hierarchies important to any society's social structure?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why are social hierarchies important to any...

Question 14

Subordinate groups may challenge contemporary institutionalization practices because ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  they want to gain access to more power
B)  they want to resist contemporary norms
C)  they have rejected the economic structure
D)  their religious conviction is no longer critically important

Question 15

When ideas are passed down from one generation to another,they begin to solidify,become accepted,and then become __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  obsolete
B)  taboo
C)  secondary
D)  institutionalized

Question 16

Of the following behaviours,which is least likely to be considered a norm violation?

Accepted Answer

A)  talking too loud in a movie theatre
B)  physically assaulting a police officer
C)  leaving a public restroom without washing your hands
D)  standing too close to strangers at the bus stop

Question 17

Social movements allow for the process of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  social change
B)  eliminating our legal foundation
C)  causing social inequality
D)  reinforcing stereotypes

Question 18

Which of the following statements about socialization is true? People who are socialized to the same norms __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  make the same moral judgments
B)  have the same tastes
C)  respond to identical incentives in predictable ways
D)  behave in different and occasionally unpredictable ways

Question 19

How do populations most commonly change over time?

Accepted Answer

A)  through immigration
B)  through reproduction
C)  through legal mandates
D)  through intergenerational mobility

Question 20

You are the CEO of a powerful agriculture company that specializes in hybrid corn production.There is currently a proposed law in the state legislature that will require farmers to cull their yields by 20 percent so that they can grow soybeans.As a member of an interest group that would very much like to maintain the status quo,which of the following actions are you likely to take?

Accepted Answer

A)  You hire a well-respected lobbying firm to convince members of the legislature to reject the proposed soybean bill.
B)  You call leaders of an opposition social movement and consider compromising your interests on this issue.
C)  You do nothing and decide to ride out the vote.
D)  You consider the arguments made by the other side and change your mind.

Exam 5: Social Structure