Individuals Were Asked to Estimate the Number of African Countries

Multiple Choice

Individuals were asked to estimate the number of African countries that belonged to the United Nations, using either 10 or 65 as a starting base.The final estimates depended on the starting point that was provided.A starting point of 10 produced an average estimate of 25 countries, and a starting point of 65 produced an average estimate of 45 countries.The results of this study support the view that people often:

A) use anchoring and adjustment to make judgments
B) use the availability heuristic when they are making judgments
C) use the representativeness heuristic when they are making judgments
D) work backward incorrectly when attempting to solve the problem