Question 1

Where is the articular pillar located on a cervical vertebra?

Accepted Answer

A) Between the superior and inferior articular processes 
B) Between the pedicle and the body 
C) Between the spinous process and the lamina 
D) Nowhere

Question 2

The superior articular facet is labeled _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The superior articular facet is labeled _____....

Question 3

The AP axial-vertebral arch projection may be performed to better demonstrate the:

Accepted Answer

A) C1 and C1-2 atlantoaxial joint spaces. 
B) vertebral arch (articular pillars) of C4-7. 
C) open intervertebral disk spaces of C3-T1. 
D) dens within the foramen magnum.

Question 4

Which of the following is the first compensatory spinal curvature to develop in the young child?

Accepted Answer

A) Thoracic 
B) Cervical 
C) Sacral 
D) Lumbar

Question 5

An RPO position of the cervical spine requires a 45° oblique of the body with a 15° caudad CR angle.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

A patient comes to radiology for a follow-up study of the cervical spine.The patient had spinal fusion between C5 and C6 performed 6 months earlier.His physician wants to assess the cervical spine for anteroposterior mobility.Which of the following projections would provide this assessment?

Accepted Answer

A) Cervicothoracic projection 
B) AP axial-vertebral arch projection 
C) Judd or Fuchs projection 
D) Hyperflexion and hyperextension projections

Question 7

A radiograph of an RAO of the cervical spine reveals that the lower intervertebral foramina are not open.The upper vertebral foramina are well visualized.Which positioning error most likely lead to this radiographic outcome?

Accepted Answer

A) Excessive CR angulation 
B) Insufficient CR angulation 
C) Insufficient rotation of the upper body 
D) Incorrect CR placement

Question 8

The anterior oblique thoracic spine demonstrates the upside zygapophyseal joints.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following features makes the cervical vertebra unique as compared with other vertebrae of the spine?

Accepted Answer

A) Transverse foramina and double (bifid) tips on spinous processes 
B) Overlapping vertebral bodies 
C) Presence of zygapophyseal joints 
D) All of the above

Question 10

A digital image taken of a lateral thoracic spine projection demonstrates poor visibility of the spine.The image was taken on a full 14- × 17-inch (35- × 43-cm) IR.The following factors were used during the exposure: 80 kV, 80 mAs, 40-inch (102-cm) SID, and collimation to the size of the IR.Which one of the following modifications will result in a more diagnostic image?

Accepted Answer

A) Decrease kV. 
B) Decrease mAs. 
C) Collimate to spine. 
D) Increase SID.

Question 11

The most posterior aspect of a typical vertebra is the:

Accepted Answer

A) pedicle. 
B) spinous process. 
C) lamina. 
D) body.

Question 12

The structure labeled A, which should be well demonstrated on this projection, is the:

Accepted Answer

A) pedicle. 
B) lamina. 
C) odontoid process. 
D) inferior articular process.

Question 13

A radiograph of an AP open-mouth projection of the cervical spine reveals that the zygapophyseal joints are not symmetric.No fracture or subluxation is present.Which one of the following positioning errors most likely led to this radiographic outcome?

Accepted Answer

A) Excessive CR angulation 
B) Insufficient CR angulation 
C) Rotation of the spine 
D) Excessive flexion of the head

Question 14

A radiograph of an AP open-mouth projection reveals that the base of the skull is superimposed over the dens.What positioning error led to this radiographic outcome?

Accepted Answer

A) Excessive flexion of the skull 
B) Excessive extension of the skull 
C) Excessive CR angulation 
D) Rotation of the skull

Question 15

A critique of the image demonstrates which repeatable error?

Accepted Answer

A) Excessive flexion of the skull 
B) Excessive extension of the skull 
C) Mouth not open far enough 
D) None of the above are repeatable errors.

Question 16

Which of the following positions will best demonstrate the left zygapophyseal joints of the thoracic spine?

Accepted Answer

A) LPO 
B) RPO 
C) RAO 
D) Lateral

Question 17

The zygapophyseal joints for the thoracic spine lie at an angle of ____ in relation to the midsagittal plane.

Accepted Answer

A) 45° 
B) 60° 
C) 70° to 75° 
D) 90°

Question 18

Match the vertebra with the corresponding terms and/or structures. (You may use an answer more than once.)
-Vertebra prominens

Accepted Answer

A)  C7 
B)  C2 
C)  C1 
D)  C4 
E)  T1
F) T7

Question 19

Which of the following clinical conditions will require a decrease in analog manual technical factors?

Accepted Answer

A) Advanced osteoporosis 
B) Severe scoliosis 
C) Moderate lordosis 
D) Scheuermann disease

Question 20

This radiographic image represents which of the following projections and/or positions?

Accepted Answer

A) AP Fuchs method 
B) AP pillar projection 
C) AP axial C-spine projection 
D) AP open-mouth projection

Exam 8: Cervical and Thoracic Spine