Question 1

The average adult kidney measures ____ in length.

Accepted Answer

A) 2 to 3 inches (5 to 7 cm) 
B) 4 to 5 inches (10 to 12 cm) 
C) 6 to 8 inches (15 to 20 cm) 
D) 8 to 10 inches (20 to 25 cm)

Question 2

It is recommended to inject contrast media through a shunt when one is present in the patient.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Nonionic contrast agents create a hypertonic condition in the blood plasma as compared with ionic contrast agents.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which structure is labeled 2?

Accepted Answer

A) Renal pelvis 
B) Ureterovesical junction 
C) Ureteropelvic junction 
D) Pelvic brim

Question 5

Select the correct pathologic term for each definition.(Use each selection only once.)
-Excretion of diminished amounts of urine

Accepted Answer

A) Anuria 
B) Oliguria or hypouresis 
C) Polyuria 
D) Hematuria 
E) Renal agenesis
F)Micturition

Question 6

Which of the following veins is not normally used during venipuncture?

Accepted Answer

A) Median cubital 
B) Axillary 
C) Cephalic 
D) Basilic

Question 7

Which of the following conditions is considered to be higher risk (a contraindication) for a contrast media reaction?

Accepted Answer

A) Hematuria 
B) Congestive heart failure 
C) Urinary tract infection 
D) Renal calculi

Question 8

What is the primary purpose of the premedication procedure before an iodinated contrast media study?

Accepted Answer

A) Reduces anxiety 
B) Permits greater contrast enhancement of kidneys during an intravenous urography (IVU) 
C) Reduces the severity of a possible contrast media reaction 
D) Decreases blood pressure

Question 9

What is the correct course of action for the technologist when, during an injection of contrast media, a patient experiences a side effect of mild hot flashes and some metallic taste in his mouth?

Accepted Answer

A) Call for a physician to complete the injection. 
B) Stop the injection of contrast media immediately. 
C) Stop the injection but continue the normal imaging sequence. 
D) Reassure the patient and continue the injection and imaging sequence, while carefully observing the patient for a possible more severe reaction to follow.

Question 10

Urine will travel from the major calyces to the:

Accepted Answer

A) renal pelvis. 
B) ureter. 
C) minor calyces. 
D) renal pyramids.

Question 11

If both procedures are ordered on the same day, a barium enema must be performed before an IVU.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following symptoms is considered a severe reaction to contrast media and is a life-threatening condition requiring life-saving measures?

Accepted Answer

A) Tachycardia (rapid heartbeat) 
B) Excessive urticaria (hives) 
C) Extravasation at the injection site 
D) Cardiac arrhythmias

Question 13

A patient comes to radiology for an IVU.The clinical history states that the patient may have an enlarged prostate gland (benign prostatic hyperplasia).Which of the following positions best demonstrates this condition?

Accepted Answer

A) AP erect, prevoiding and voiding 
B) PA prone, CR perpendicular 
C) AP supine with a 15° CR caudad angle 
D) 30° RPO

Question 14

A male patient comes to radiology for a voiding cystourethrogram.Which of the following projections and/or positions would be performed for this procedure?

Accepted Answer

A) 30° RPO 
B) Erect lateral 
C) Recumbent lateral 
D) Erect PA

Question 15

Patchy blunting of the calyces is a radiographic sign of:

Accepted Answer

A) polycystic kidney disease. 
B) renal hypertension. 
C) chronic pyelonephritis. 
D) ectopic kidney.

Question 16

One of the three constricted points along each ureter is the pelvic brim.The location of this constricted point is:

Accepted Answer

A) where the bladder meets the symphysis pubis. 
B) at the level of the ischial spines. 
C) where the iliac blood vessels cross over the ureters. 
D) where the distal ureters connect to the bladder.

Question 17

A patient comes to radiology, after surgery of the abdomen, for an IVU with an order for ureteric compression to enhance pelvicalyceal filling.What should the technologist do?

Accepted Answer

A) Use mild ureteric compression only. 
B) Place the patient into a Trendelenburg position instead of compression. 
C) Perform all projections erect. 
D) Raise the Foley bag above the tabletop to keep the contrast media in the kidneys longer.

Question 18

Select the correct pathologic indication for each statement or description.(Select each choice only once.)
-Fusion of the kidneys during development of the fetus

Accepted Answer

A) Horseshoe kidney 
B) Ectopic kidney 
C) Vesicocolonic fistula 
D) Staghorn kidney stone 
E) Urinary incontinence
F)BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia)

Question 19

The rapid introduction of contrast agents into the vascular system is termed:

Accepted Answer

A) rapid-fire injection. 
B) rapid-drip infusion. 
C) bolus injection. 
D) IV infusion.

Question 20

Ionic contrast agents use a parent compound of a carboxyl group (benzoic acid).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 14: Urinary System and Venipuncture

The average adult kidney measures ____ in length.

It is recommended to inject contrast media through a shunt when one is present in the patient.

Nonionic contrast agents create a hypertonic condition in the blood plasma as compared with ionic contrast agents.

Which structure is labeled 2?

Select the correct pathologic term for each definition.(Use each selection only once.) -Excretion of diminished amounts of urine

Which of the following veins is not normally used during venipuncture?

Which of the following conditions is considered to be higher risk (a contraindication) for a contrast media reaction?

What is the primary purpose of the premedication procedure before an iodinated contrast media study?

What is the correct course of action for the technologist when, during an injection of contrast media, a patient experiences a side effect of mild hot flashes and some metallic taste in his mouth?

Urine will travel from the major calyces to the:

If both procedures are ordered on the same day, a barium enema must be performed before an IVU.

Which of the following symptoms is considered a severe reaction to contrast media and is a life-threatening condition requiring life-saving measures?

A patient comes to radiology for an IVU.The clinical history states that the patient may have an enlarged prostate gland (benign prostatic hyperplasia) .Which of the following positions best demonstrates this condition?

A male patient comes to radiology for a voiding cystourethrogram.Which of the following projections and/or positions would be performed for this procedure?

Patchy blunting of the calyces is a radiographic sign of:

One of the three constricted points along each ureter is the pelvic brim.The location of this constricted point is:

A patient comes to radiology, after surgery of the abdomen, for an IVU with an order for ureteric compression to enhance pelvicalyceal filling.What should the technologist do?

Select the correct pathologic indication for each statement or description.(Select each choice only once.) -Fusion of the kidneys during development of the fetus

The rapid introduction of contrast agents into the vascular system is termed:

Ionic contrast agents use a parent compound of a carboxyl group (benzoic acid).