Question 1

Organized crime refers to

Accepted Answer

A) illegal actions by people with white-collar jobs. 
B) illegal actions on the part of a corporation or large business. 
C) crime involving the cooperation of two or more businesses. 
D) any business that supplies illegal goods or services.

Question 2

Robert Merton claimed that the "strains of masculinity" are an important cause of crime.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following are advantages of community-based corrections?

Accepted Answer

A) reducing prison overcrowding 
B) reducing costs of dealing with offenders 
C) avoiding the hardships of prison life,including the stigma attached to being incarcerated 
D) All of these responses are correct.

Question 4

Every society tries to regulate the behavior of individuals;this general process is called

Accepted Answer

A) a neighborhood watch. 
B) self control. 
C) social control. 
D) the legal system.

Question 5

Cesare Lombroso,an Italian physician and criminologist,claimed that most criminals were people who had been mistreated by society.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Why did Emile Durkheim claim that deviance was "normal"? List four ways in which deviance is functional for society,according to Durkheim.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why did Emile Durkheim claim that deviance...

Question 7

Explain the difference between primary and secondary deviance.Give an example of each type of deviance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the difference between primary and secondary...

Question 8

Psychiatrist Thomas Szasz states that the label of "insanity" is widely applied to behavior that is actually only "different."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Prostitution is widely regarded as which of the following types of crime?

Accepted Answer

A) crime against the person 
B) crime against property 
C) victimless crime 
D) corporate crime

Question 10

The concept criminal recidivism refers to

Accepted Answer

A) young people growing up in a criminal environment. 
B) efforts by police to enlist help from people in a local community. 
C) later offenses by people previously convicted of crimes. 
D) the idea that crime does "pay."

Question 11

Travis Hirschi's control theory makes the point that people who commit crimes typically have little concern about the potential consequences.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

His friends begin to criticize Marco as a "juice-head," pushing him out of their social circle.Marco begins to drink even more,becomes bitter,and joins a new group of friends who also are heavy drinkers.According to Lemert,Marco's situation illustrates

Accepted Answer

A) the onset of primary deviance. 
B) the onset of secondary deviance. 
C) the formation of a deviant subculture. 
D) the onset of retreatism.

Question 13

The likelihood a person will be arrested for a street crime rises sharply

Accepted Answer

A) during the late teenage years. 
B) in the late twenties. 
C) during the middle thirties. 
D) over age forty.

Question 14

Describe the labeling theory of deviance.What basic insight about deviance is offered by this approach? How does labeling figure into the difference between primary deviance and secondary deviance? What is the importance of stigma in labeling analysis?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the labeling theory of deviance.What basic...

Question 15

Identify four justifications for punishment.Do you think punishment accomplishes each of these goals? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify four justifications for punishment.Do you think...

Question 16

According to Elliot Currie,factors that explain the high crime rate in the United States by world standards include

Accepted Answer

A) our cultural homogeneity. 
B) a lack of interest in punishing offenders. 
C) the high level of immigration and unemployment. 
D) our emphasis on individual economic success,at the expense of strong families.

Question 17

In Robert Merton's strain theory of deviance,which of the following concepts refers to the process of seeking conventional goals but rejecting the conventional means to achieve them?

Accepted Answer

A) innovation 
B) ritualism 
C) retreatism 
D) rebellion

Question 18

What is meant by "community-based corrections?" What are the advantages of this approach? What are some of the limitations of this approach? Do you favor or oppose expanding community-based corrections? Why?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is meant by "community-based corrections?" What...

Question 19

Thomas Szasz made the controversial assertion that

Accepted Answer

A) having a physical or mental illness is grounds for a person to be labeled "deviant." 
B) most people in the United States will become insane for some period during their lives. 
C) mental illness is a myth;these conditions simply amount to differences in others that we don't like. 
D) our society does not do nearly enough to treat the mentally ill.

Exam 7: Deviance

Organized crime refers to

Robert Merton claimed that the "strains of masculinity" are an important cause of crime.

Which of the following are advantages of community-based corrections?

Every society tries to regulate the behavior of individuals;this general process is called

Cesare Lombroso,an Italian physician and criminologist,claimed that most criminals were people who had been mistreated by society.

Why did Emile Durkheim claim that deviance was "normal"? List four ways in which deviance is functional for society,according to Durkheim.

Explain the difference between primary and secondary deviance.Give an example of each type of deviance.

Psychiatrist Thomas Szasz states that the label of "insanity" is widely applied to behavior that is actually only "different."

Prostitution is widely regarded as which of the following types of crime?

The concept criminal recidivism refers to

Travis Hirschi's control theory makes the point that people who commit crimes typically have little concern about the potential consequences.

His friends begin to criticize Marco as a "juice-head," pushing him out of their social circle.Marco begins to drink even more,becomes bitter,and joins a new group of friends who also are heavy drinkers.According to Lemert,Marco's situation illustrates

The likelihood a person will be arrested for a street crime rises sharply

Describe the labeling theory of deviance.What basic insight about deviance is offered by this approach? How does labeling figure into the difference between primary deviance and secondary deviance? What is the importance of stigma in labeling analysis?

Identify four justifications for punishment.Do you think punishment accomplishes each of these goals? Why or why not?

According to Elliot Currie,factors that explain the high crime rate in the United States by world standards include

In Robert Merton's strain theory of deviance,which of the following concepts refers to the process of seeking conventional goals but rejecting the conventional means to achieve them?

What is meant by "community-based corrections?" What are the advantages of this approach? What are some of the limitations of this approach? Do you favor or oppose expanding community-based corrections? Why?

Thomas Szasz made the controversial assertion that