Question 1

The stigma of deviance can encourage an individual to engage in further deviance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

In terms of racial categories,MOST of the people arrested for FBI Index crimes in the United States are

Accepted Answer

A)  white.
B)  African American.
C)  people of mixed race.
D)  of Hispanic ancestry. A

Question 3

What are several criticisms made by the feminist theory of the way our society understands deviance?

Accepted Answer

Several criticisms made by feminist theory of the way our society understands deviance include:

1. Gender bias: Feminist theory argues that the concept of deviance is often gendered, with women being labeled as deviant for behavior that is considered normal or acceptable for men. This reflects a double standard in which women are judged more harshly for their actions.

2. Victim blaming: Feminist theory criticizes the tendency to blame the victim, particularly in cases of sexual assault or domestic violence. Society often focuses on the behavior of the victim rather than holding the perpetrator accountable, reinforcing harmful stereotypes and attitudes towards women.

3. Lack of intersectionality: Feminist theory highlights the importance of considering intersectionality, or the ways in which different forms of oppression intersect and compound each other. This means that the experiences of women of color, LGBTQ+ individuals, and other marginalized groups are often overlooked in discussions of deviance.

4. Power dynamics: Feminist theory emphasizes the role of power dynamics in shaping perceptions of deviance. It argues that those in positions of power often define what is considered deviant, and that these definitions are influenced by patriarchal norms and values.

5. Silencing of women's voices: Feminist theory critiques the ways in which women's experiences and perspectives are often silenced or dismissed in discussions of deviance. This can lead to a narrow understanding of deviant behavior and a failure to address the root causes of social problems.

Overall, feminist theory challenges the traditional understanding of deviance by highlighting the ways in which gender, power, and intersectionality shape our perceptions and responses to deviant behavior. It calls for a more inclusive and nuanced approach that takes into account the diverse experiences of individuals within society.

Question 4

Crime is only one category of deviance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Edwin Lemert described "primary deviance" as

Accepted Answer

A)  the most serious episodes of deviance.
B)  actions that parents define as deviant.
C)  a passing episode of deviance that has little effect on the person's self-concept.
D)  the experience of deviance early in life.

Question 6

"Crime" differs from "deviance" in that crime

Accepted Answer

A)  is always more serious.
B)  is usually less serious.
C)  refers to a violation of norms enacted into law.
D)  involves a larger share of the population.

Question 7

Both Albert Cohen and Walter Miller argue that deviance is MOST likely to arise among

Accepted Answer

A)  high-income males.
B)  middle-class men and women.
C)  low-income youths.
D)  all class levels.

Question 8

Criminal statistics gathered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation reflect

Accepted Answer

A)  all crimes that take place.
B)  offenses cleared by arrest.
C)  offenses resulting in a criminal conviction.
D)  offenses known to the police.

Question 9

Whether people respond to deviance as a moral issue or a medical matter affects which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  who responds-police or medical personnel
B)  whether the person is subject to punishment or treatment
C)  how personally competent the person is assumed to be
D)  All of these responses are correct.

Question 10

The oldest justification for punishing an offender is

Accepted Answer

A)  deterrence.
B)  retribution.
C)  social protection.
D)  rehabilitation.

Question 11

A judge sentences a young man who has committed several crimes to counseling and places him in a supportive foster home.Which of the following concepts describes these efforts to prevent further wrongdoing?

Accepted Answer

A)  retribution
B)  deterrence
C)  social protection
D)  rehabilitation

Question 12

Read the following four statements about the social foundations of deviance.Select the one statement that is FALSE.

Accepted Answer

A)  Deviance exists only in relation to cultural norms.
B)  There are many acts that are always deviant everywhere.
C)  People become deviant as others define them that way.
D)  Both norms and how people define rule breaking involve social power.

Question 13

State four ways in which,according to Emile Durkheim,deviance is functional for society as a whole.

Accepted Answer

The answer of State four ways in which,according to Emile...

Question 14

Every person charged with a crime in the United States is sentenced after receiving a trial by jury.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The concept "retrospective labeling" refers to the process of

Accepted Answer

A)  reinterpreting someone's past in light of a present deviance.
B)  defining someone as deviant for things done long before.
C)  criminal adults encouraging their children to become deviant.
D)  All of these responses are correct.

Question 16

Define each of the following: white-collar crime,corporate crime,organized crime,and hate crime.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define each of the following: white-collar crime,corporate...

Question 17

If a parent threatens a child with punishment in order to discourage wrongdoing,the parent is using punishment to accomplish which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  deterrence
B)  retribution
C)  social protection
D)  rehabilitation

Question 18

Alexander Liazos speaks for the social-conflict approach when he states that

Accepted Answer

A)  powerless people are at the highest risk of being defined as deviant.
B)  deviance has both functions and dysfunctions.
C)  deviance exists only in the eye of the beholder.
D)  society should ignore victimless crime.

Question 19

"Due process" means handling alleged offenders within the bounds of the law.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Biological factors,including genetics,explain most criminal behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 7: Deviance

The stigma of deviance can encourage an individual to engage in further deviance.

In terms of racial categories,MOST of the people arrested for FBI Index crimes in the United States are

What are several criticisms made by the feminist theory of the way our society understands deviance?

Crime is only one category of deviance.

Edwin Lemert described "primary deviance" as

"Crime" differs from "deviance" in that crime

Both Albert Cohen and Walter Miller argue that deviance is MOST likely to arise among

Criminal statistics gathered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation reflect

Whether people respond to deviance as a moral issue or a medical matter affects which of the following?

The oldest justification for punishing an offender is

A judge sentences a young man who has committed several crimes to counseling and places him in a supportive foster home.Which of the following concepts describes these efforts to prevent further wrongdoing?

Read the following four statements about the social foundations of deviance.Select the one statement that is FALSE.

State four ways in which,according to Emile Durkheim,deviance is functional for society as a whole.

Every person charged with a crime in the United States is sentenced after receiving a trial by jury.

The concept "retrospective labeling" refers to the process of

Define each of the following: white-collar crime,corporate crime,organized crime,and hate crime.

If a parent threatens a child with punishment in order to discourage wrongdoing,the parent is using punishment to accomplish which of the following?

Alexander Liazos speaks for the social-conflict approach when he states that

"Due process" means handling alleged offenders within the bounds of the law.

Biological factors,including genetics,explain most criminal behavior.