Question 1

If you reinforce a person every 30 minutes,she is on a fixed-ratio schedule.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The type of learning that focuses on the consequences of behavior is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  classical conditioning 
B)  operant conditioning 
C)  process conditioning 
D)  latent learning

Question 3

Little three-year-old Noelle likes to imitate whatever her big sisters are doing,but she does so only later when she is by herself in her room.This learning is most probably:

Accepted Answer

A)  operant conditioning 
B)  classical conditioning 
C)  cognitive learning 
D)  imprinting

Question 4

Which of the following would not be an example of a primary reinforcer?

Accepted Answer

A)  a drink of water 
B)  a sexual encounter 
C)  a hundred-dollar bonus 
D)  a warm place to sleep

Question 5

Ben,a mentally retarded child,has been observed eating inedible objects and substances.Ben's parents are concerned and have taken him to a psychologist.The psychologist has diagnosed Ben as having:

Accepted Answer

A)  autism 
B)  pica 
C)  rumination 
D)  Grant's disease

Question 6

In your backyard you have a bird feeder from which a particular squirrel likes to eat.You have tried many ways to prevent it from stealing from it.You notice that the squirrel's random behavior gradually turns into goal-directed behavior.This best illustrates what Thorndike called the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Law of Effect 
B)  principle of continuity 
C)  law of consequence 
D)  classical conditioning

Question 7

What deficiencies are important to address in autistic children through intensive behavioral treatment?

Accepted Answer

A)  forming relationships and communication 
B)  creativity and communication 
C)  problem solving and communication 
D)  planning and problem solving

Question 8

A ____ refers to a reinforcer occurring only after an unchanging amount of time has lapsed.

Accepted Answer

A)  fixed-interval 
B)  fixed-ratio 
C)  variable-interval 
D)  variable-ratio

Question 9

Dr.Barr studies animals in their natural environments and is very curious about their behavior.Most likely Dr.Barr is a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  ethologist 
B)  zoologist 
C)  biologist 
D)  behaviorist

Question 10

Thorndike developed the Law of Effect by studying:

Accepted Answer

A)  the saliva of dogs 
B)  how a cat learns to escape from a puzzle box 
C)  how a rat learns to press a lever 
D)  how to train a bear to hold a stuffed animal

Question 11

Karen is "potty training" Andrew.First she gives him a cookie when he spends time near the potty,then he gets a cookie if he sits on the potty,and finally he gets a cookie for making "poo-poo" in the potty.Karen is using a procedure called:

Accepted Answer

A)  negative reinforcement 
B)  generalization 
C)  shaping 
D)  intermittent reinforcement

Question 12

Reinforcement is to increase as punishment is to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  increase 
B)  decrease 
C)  condition 
D)  negative

Question 13

Describe the use of operant conditioning to train a killer whale to perform tricks.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the use of operant conditioning to...

Question 14

Prepared learning refers to how animals often learn certain combinations of CS and UCS more easily than other combinations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Money is a primary reinforcer.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Monica gave William a nice tie for his help in locating a good used car.The tie is an example of a ____ reinforcer.

Accepted Answer

A)  primary 
B)  secondary 
C)  negative 
D)  partial

Question 17

Something unpleasant is presented in negative punishment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following is not a secondary reinforcer?

Accepted Answer

A)  high grades 
B)  money 
C)  shelter 
D)  a gold star

Question 19

According to the Critical Thinking section,how do trainers provide immediate feedback to a killer whale after it has performed successfully?

Accepted Answer

A)  by sounding a whistle 
B)  an underwater light is turned off 
C)  the whale is given a toy to play with 
D)  an underwater light is turned on

Question 20

The most important conclusion from the Bobo doll study is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  behavior can be modified throughout negative punishment 
B)  behavior can be modified by providing secondary reinforcers 
C)  we create cognitive maps of dolls 
D)  behavior can be modified by simply watching a live model

Exam 10: Operant and Cognitive Approaches

If you reinforce a person every 30 minutes,she is on a fixed-ratio schedule.

The type of learning that focuses on the consequences of behavior is called:

Little three-year-old Noelle likes to imitate whatever her big sisters are doing,but she does so only later when she is by herself in her room.This learning is most probably:

Which of the following would not be an example of a primary reinforcer?

Ben,a mentally retarded child,has been observed eating inedible objects and substances.Ben's parents are concerned and have taken him to a psychologist.The psychologist has diagnosed Ben as having:

In your backyard you have a bird feeder from which a particular squirrel likes to eat.You have tried many ways to prevent it from stealing from it.You notice that the squirrel's random behavior gradually turns into goal-directed behavior.This best illustrates what Thorndike called the:

What deficiencies are important to address in autistic children through intensive behavioral treatment?

A ____ refers to a reinforcer occurring only after an unchanging amount of time has lapsed.

Dr.Barr studies animals in their natural environments and is very curious about their behavior.Most likely Dr.Barr is a(n) :

Thorndike developed the Law of Effect by studying:

Karen is "potty training" Andrew.First she gives him a cookie when he spends time near the potty,then he gets a cookie if he sits on the potty,and finally he gets a cookie for making "poo-poo" in the potty.Karen is using a procedure called:

Reinforcement is to increase as punishment is to ____.

Describe the use of operant conditioning to train a killer whale to perform tricks.

Prepared learning refers to how animals often learn certain combinations of CS and UCS more easily than other combinations.

Money is a primary reinforcer.

Monica gave William a nice tie for his help in locating a good used car.The tie is an example of a ____ reinforcer.

Something unpleasant is presented in negative punishment.

Which of the following is not a secondary reinforcer?

According to the Critical Thinking section,how do trainers provide immediate feedback to a killer whale after it has performed successfully?

The most important conclusion from the Bobo doll study is that: