Question 1

Match each definition to the corresponding term.
-Prosocial

Accepted Answer

A) Group of individuals who share similar educational principles, who work toward common goals, whose activities are linked, and whose collaborative efforts create a synchronized energy in which the power of the group is more profound than that of any one individual; for children, a group that nurtures a sense of belonging among the children and adults in a program where children learn that all contribute to each other’s learning 
B) Behavior that is generous in nature; a way of acting that benefits others with no motive of personal gain 
C) Behavior that detracts from the welfare of others or has a generally negative effect on persons with whom one comes in contact; typically marked by lack of ethical restraint, lack of moral control, impulsiveness, and an inability to experience feelings of guilt 
D) To train, educate, or nourish 
E) Learning activity instigated by the child’s natural curiosity and desire to learn rather than by the adult’s direction, manipulation, or coercion
F)The most obvious routes children will take as they move around the classroom
G)Physical retribution; in the case of early childhood care and education, this usually means spanking or paddling. Although physical punishment that hurts may appear to stop a behavior immediately, it is known to increase children’s aggression, slow their moral development, and risk their overall mental health.
H)The circumstances or conditions that surround the young child; everything he or she experiences, including objects, activities, routines, and people
I)Natural, relying on native plants, trees, grassy slopes, stumps, and rock formations rather than on manufactured equipment
J)A teaching strategy originally developed by Maria Montessori and also known as self-correction; materials are designed to provide instant feedback to the child if he or she has made a mistake, or they are designed to make it impossible for the child to make a mistake. This puts control in the hands of the learner and protects the child’s self-esteem and self-motivation.
K)Working with others unselfishly toward a common goal
L)A particularly devastating type of child abuse that can be caused by direct blows to the head, dropping or throwing a child, or shaking a child
M)Behavior that improves the welfare of others or has a generally positive effect on persons with whom one comes in contact
N)Phase in daily activities in which a child must give up one activity and begin another activity. These difficult phases between activities may cause children to balk at moving from one thing to the next; additionally, the confusion and stress of the changeover may trigger misbehavior
O)Putting oneself into others’ shoes, to feel what they feel, to have insight into their thoughts and actions
P)Seeing oneself as the center of the universe, self-centered, selfish; this point of view is a perfectly normal development characteristic of babies and very young children.

Question 2

How can we expand or change a child's consistent, predictable routines?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How can we expand or change a...

Question 3

Appropriate affection and other expressions of affection must never be intrusive,____________________, or one sided, but rather respectful and reciprocal.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Appropriate affection and other expressions of affection...

Question 4

What are the three critical elements of prosocial interaction?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the three critical elements of...

Question 5

A child will know that he or she is unconditionally accepted through

Accepted Answer

A) smiles. 
B) appropriate affection. 
C) warm hugs. 
D) sincere interest. 
E) all of these.

Question 6

Describe the characteristics of a nurturing adult.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the characteristics of a nurturing adult....

Question 7

To promote prosocial behavior

Accepted Answer

A) model prosocial behavior. 
B) encourage individual responsibility. 
C) teach compromise. 
D) help children see the effects of their behavior. 
E) all of these.

Question 8

Effective teaching and caring staff

Accepted Answer

A) maintain positive attitudes. 
B) keep low expectations for all children. 
C) never admit their own mistakes. 
D) focus on achieving learning outcomes determined by a program director. 
E) all of these.

Question 9

Describe some possible reasons why children tattle, or tell on, their friends.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe some possible reasons why children tattle,...

Question 10

Match each definition to the corresponding term.
-Cooperation

Accepted Answer

A) Group of individuals who share similar educational principles, who work toward common goals, whose activities are linked, and whose collaborative efforts create a synchronized energy in which the power of the group is more profound than that of any one individual; for children, a group that nurtures a sense of belonging among the children and adults in a program where children learn that all contribute to each other’s learning 
B) Behavior that is generous in nature; a way of acting that benefits others with no motive of personal gain 
C) Behavior that detracts from the welfare of others or has a generally negative effect on persons with whom one comes in contact; typically marked by lack of ethical restraint, lack of moral control, impulsiveness, and an inability to experience feelings of guilt 
D) To train, educate, or nourish 
E) Learning activity instigated by the child’s natural curiosity and desire to learn rather than by the adult’s direction, manipulation, or coercion
F)The most obvious routes children will take as they move around the classroom
G)Physical retribution; in the case of early childhood care and education, this usually means spanking or paddling. Although physical punishment that hurts may appear to stop a behavior immediately, it is known to increase children’s aggression, slow their moral development, and risk their overall mental health.
H)The circumstances or conditions that surround the young child; everything he or she experiences, including objects, activities, routines, and people
I)Natural, relying on native plants, trees, grassy slopes, stumps, and rock formations rather than on manufactured equipment
J)A teaching strategy originally developed by Maria Montessori and also known as self-correction; materials are designed to provide instant feedback to the child if he or she has made a mistake, or they are designed to make it impossible for the child to make a mistake. This puts control in the hands of the learner and protects the child’s self-esteem and self-motivation.
K)Working with others unselfishly toward a common goal
L)A particularly devastating type of child abuse that can be caused by direct blows to the head, dropping or throwing a child, or shaking a child
M)Behavior that improves the welfare of others or has a generally positive effect on persons with whom one comes in contact
N)Phase in daily activities in which a child must give up one activity and begin another activity. These difficult phases between activities may cause children to balk at moving from one thing to the next; additionally, the confusion and stress of the changeover may trigger misbehavior
O)Putting oneself into others’ shoes, to feel what they feel, to have insight into their thoughts and actions
P)Seeing oneself as the center of the universe, self-centered, selfish; this point of view is a perfectly normal development characteristic of babies and very young children.

Question 11

Match each definition to the corresponding term.
-Traffic patterns

Accepted Answer

A) Group of individuals who share similar educational principles, who work toward common goals, whose activities are linked, and whose collaborative efforts create a synchronized energy in which the power of the group is more profound than that of any one individual; for children, a group that nurtures a sense of belonging among the children and adults in a program where children learn that all contribute to each other’s learning 
B) Behavior that is generous in nature; a way of acting that benefits others with no motive of personal gain 
C) Behavior that detracts from the welfare of others or has a generally negative effect on persons with whom one comes in contact; typically marked by lack of ethical restraint, lack of moral control, impulsiveness, and an inability to experience feelings of guilt 
D) To train, educate, or nourish 
E) Learning activity instigated by the child’s natural curiosity and desire to learn rather than by the adult’s direction, manipulation, or coercion
F)The most obvious routes children will take as they move around the classroom
G)Physical retribution; in the case of early childhood care and education, this usually means spanking or paddling. Although physical punishment that hurts may appear to stop a behavior immediately, it is known to increase children’s aggression, slow their moral development, and risk their overall mental health.
H)The circumstances or conditions that surround the young child; everything he or she experiences, including objects, activities, routines, and people
I)Natural, relying on native plants, trees, grassy slopes, stumps, and rock formations rather than on manufactured equipment
J)A teaching strategy originally developed by Maria Montessori and also known as self-correction; materials are designed to provide instant feedback to the child if he or she has made a mistake, or they are designed to make it impossible for the child to make a mistake. This puts control in the hands of the learner and protects the child’s self-esteem and self-motivation.
K)Working with others unselfishly toward a common goal
L)A particularly devastating type of child abuse that can be caused by direct blows to the head, dropping or throwing a child, or shaking a child
M)Behavior that improves the welfare of others or has a generally positive effect on persons with whom one comes in contact
N)Phase in daily activities in which a child must give up one activity and begin another activity. These difficult phases between activities may cause children to balk at moving from one thing to the next; additionally, the confusion and stress of the changeover may trigger misbehavior
O)Putting oneself into others’ shoes, to feel what they feel, to have insight into their thoughts and actions
P)Seeing oneself as the center of the universe, self-centered, selfish; this point of view is a perfectly normal development characteristic of babies and very young children.

Question 12

Infants ____________________ fully grasp that others have feelings and needs similar to theirown.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Infants ____________________ fully grasp that others have...

Question 13

How can you let a child know that he or she is unconditionally accepted?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How can you let a child know...

Question 14

Child-directed activities mean that

Accepted Answer

A) children can work and play at their own pace. 
B) children's choices are not influenced by adult coercion. 
C) activities are instigated by the child's natural curiosity and desire to learn. 
D) all of these.

Question 15

Encouraging children to compete with each other ____________________ cooperativeness.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Encouraging children to compete with each other...

Question 16

Unconditional affection is communicated to a baby by his or her caregiver's words.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Match each definition to the corresponding term.
-Transitions

Accepted Answer

A) Group of individuals who share similar educational principles, who work toward common goals, whose activities are linked, and whose collaborative efforts create a synchronized energy in which the power of the group is more profound than that of any one individual; for children, a group that nurtures a sense of belonging among the children and adults in a program where children learn that all contribute to each other’s learning 
B) Behavior that is generous in nature; a way of acting that benefits others with no motive of personal gain 
C) Behavior that detracts from the welfare of others or has a generally negative effect on persons with whom one comes in contact; typically marked by lack of ethical restraint, lack of moral control, impulsiveness, and an inability to experience feelings of guilt 
D) To train, educate, or nourish 
E) Learning activity instigated by the child’s natural curiosity and desire to learn rather than by the adult’s direction, manipulation, or coercion
F)The most obvious routes children will take as they move around the classroom
G)Physical retribution; in the case of early childhood care and education, this usually means spanking or paddling. Although physical punishment that hurts may appear to stop a behavior immediately, it is known to increase children’s aggression, slow their moral development, and risk their overall mental health.
H)The circumstances or conditions that surround the young child; everything he or she experiences, including objects, activities, routines, and people
I)Natural, relying on native plants, trees, grassy slopes, stumps, and rock formations rather than on manufactured equipment
J)A teaching strategy originally developed by Maria Montessori and also known as self-correction; materials are designed to provide instant feedback to the child if he or she has made a mistake, or they are designed to make it impossible for the child to make a mistake. This puts control in the hands of the learner and protects the child’s self-esteem and self-motivation.
K)Working with others unselfishly toward a common goal
L)A particularly devastating type of child abuse that can be caused by direct blows to the head, dropping or throwing a child, or shaking a child
M)Behavior that improves the welfare of others or has a generally positive effect on persons with whom one comes in contact
N)Phase in daily activities in which a child must give up one activity and begin another activity. These difficult phases between activities may cause children to balk at moving from one thing to the next; additionally, the confusion and stress of the changeover may trigger misbehavior
O)Putting oneself into others’ shoes, to feel what they feel, to have insight into their thoughts and actions
P)Seeing oneself as the center of the universe, self-centered, selfish; this point of view is a perfectly normal development characteristic of babies and very young children.

Question 18

Children who have been given specific training in social-emotional skills are taught how to

Accepted Answer

A) solve their own problems independently. 
B) discriminate sensory stimuli. 
C) exercise judgment. 
D) all of these.

Question 19

Play

Accepted Answer

A) is a basic human right of every child. 
B) is vital to child development. 
C) encourages children to be creative in using their imaginations. 
D) accomplishes learning objectives. 
E) all of these.

Question 20

Furniture and equipment break the floor space into clearly defined learning centers to discouragerunning, to encourage focused attention on learning materials, and to allow easy supervision.

Accepted Answer