Question 1

If you were given a new necklace and developed reddening,swelling,and itching of your skin around your neck 24 hours after putting on the necklace,what reason would you give to this phenomenon? What immune cells are involved?

Accepted Answer

This is a case of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH)or type IV hypersensitivity.Chemical constituents of the jewelry are covalently binding to your skin proteins and creating new antigens to elicit a DTH response known as contact dermatitis.The immune cells involved are the TH cells.These cells produce an inflammatory response that causes localized tissue damage,pain,blistering,and itching.

Question 2

What is the drawback of live attenuated vaccines?

Accepted Answer

A)   They require more secondary reimmunizations than other vaccines.
B)   They are not effective in adults.
C)   They do NOT provide a long-lasting secondary immune response.
D)   They can cause disease in some immunocompromised individuals. D

Question 3

An example of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP)is

Accepted Answer

A)   cell-surface proteins.
B)   flagellin proteins.
C)   lipopolysaccharide (LPS) .
D)   pilus. C

Question 4

A recombinant-vector virus would still be effective if the vaccinia virus is unable to express the cloned gene as an antigenic protein.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which is an example of acquisition of natural passive immunity?

Accepted Answer

A)   a fetus protected from disease by its mother's antibodies
B)   a person who received his or her yearly influenza vaccine
C)   a person who acquired the chickenpox
D)   a person who received tetanus antiserum after stepping on a rusty nail

Question 6

TH₂ cells interact directly with the pathogens.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

All gram-negative bacteria have lipopolysaccharides in their outer membranes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

DNA vaccines are bacterial plasmids that contain cloned DNA with an antigen of interest are unlike attenuated vaccines because there is no chance of causing disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

After the first exposure to an antigen,a ________ stimulates growth and multiplication of antigen-reaction cells.

Accepted Answer

A)   secondary innate immune response
B)   primary adaptive immune response
C)   phagocytic immune response
D)   hyperactive cytotoxic response

Question 10

In Hashimotos's disease,autoantibodies are made against ________,a product of the thyroid gland.

Accepted Answer

A)   bacteria
B)   hemoglobin
C)   thyroglobulin
D)   viruses

Question 11

Cells that can engulf foreign particles,and can ingest,kill,and digest most bacterial pathogens are called

Accepted Answer

A)   red blood cells.
B)   phagocytes.
C)   reticulocytes.
D)   resistant cells.

Question 12

Compare and contrast the origin and roles of B cells and T cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast the origin and roles...

Question 13

DiGeorge's syndrome is a developmental defect that prevents the maturation of the thymus.What cell type would be reduced by this condition?

Accepted Answer

A)   T cells
B)   B cells
C)   macrophages
D)   lymphocytes

Question 14

In adaptive immunity,pathogen specific receptors are produced in large numbers only after exposure to the pathogen or its products.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of these is often used as a prophylactic measure to protect a person against future attack by a pathogen?

Accepted Answer

A)   antiserum injection
B)   artificial passive immunity
C)   vaccination
D)   None of these are correct.

Question 16

A woman is being treated for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).She has an increased risk of opportunistic infections.Based on what you know about SLE and the treatment for it,propose why she has an increased risk of opportunistic infections.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A woman is being treated for systemic...

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT an autoimmune disease?

Accepted Answer

A)   systemic lupus erythematosus
B)   anaphylaxis
C)   juvenile diabetes
D)   multiple sclerosis

Question 18

T cells interact with the peptide-MHC complex using

Accepted Answer

A)   cytokines.
B)   granzyme and perforin.
C)   T-cell receptors.
D)   the antibodies present on the surface of the cell.

Question 19

Infants acquire natural passive immunity from maternal antibodies transferred across the placenta or in breast milk.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The inflammatory cytokines IL-1,IL-6,and TNF-α are also

Accepted Answer

A)   opsonizing agents that coat foreign cells.
B)   activating cytokines that stimulate Th1 cells to replicate.
C)   capable of producing systemic fever by stimulating the release of prostaglandins in the brain.
D)   part of the complement system that results in the destruction of foreign cells.

Exam 24: Immunity and Host Defense

If you were given a new necklace and developed reddening,swelling,and itching of your skin around your neck 24 hours after putting on the necklace,what reason would you give to this phenomenon? What immune cells are involved?

What is the drawback of live attenuated vaccines?

An example of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMP) is

A recombinant-vector virus would still be effective if the vaccinia virus is unable to express the cloned gene as an antigenic protein.

Which is an example of acquisition of natural passive immunity?

TH₂ cells interact directly with the pathogens.

All gram-negative bacteria have lipopolysaccharides in their outer membranes.

DNA vaccines are bacterial plasmids that contain cloned DNA with an antigen of interest are unlike attenuated vaccines because there is no chance of causing disease.

After the first exposure to an antigen,a ________ stimulates growth and multiplication of antigen-reaction cells.

In Hashimotos's disease,autoantibodies are made against ________,a product of the thyroid gland.

Cells that can engulf foreign particles,and can ingest,kill,and digest most bacterial pathogens are called

Compare and contrast the origin and roles of B cells and T cells.

DiGeorge's syndrome is a developmental defect that prevents the maturation of the thymus.What cell type would be reduced by this condition?

In adaptive immunity,pathogen specific receptors are produced in large numbers only after exposure to the pathogen or its products.

Which of these is often used as a prophylactic measure to protect a person against future attack by a pathogen?

A woman is being treated for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).She has an increased risk of opportunistic infections.Based on what you know about SLE and the treatment for it,propose why she has an increased risk of opportunistic infections.

Which of the following is NOT an autoimmune disease?

T cells interact with the peptide-MHC complex using

Infants acquire natural passive immunity from maternal antibodies transferred across the placenta or in breast milk.

The inflammatory cytokines IL-1,IL-6,and TNF-α are also