Question 1

Which ethical principle requires "doing no harm"?

Accepted Answer

A)   Respect for autonomy
B)   Non-maleficence
C)   Beneficence
D)   Distributive justice B

Question 2

A nurse believes everyone is entitled to equal rights and equal treatment in society when applying:

Accepted Answer

A)   Distributive or social justice
B)   Egalitarianism
C)   Libertarian view of justice
D)   Communitarianism B

Question 3

The growing multiculturalism of American society can contribute to ethnicity conflicts when:

Accepted Answer

A)   Cultural standards are congruent with professional standards.
B)   Cultural traditions within an ethnic group align with those of the community.
C)   Ethnic groups overburden the health care system.
D)   The greater community's values are jeopardized by specific ethnic values. D

Question 4

Which nursing action demonstrates advocacy?

Accepted Answer

A)   Offering a smoking cessation program
B)   Screening for hypertension
C)   Lobbying for health care reform
D)   Conducting home visits

Question 5

The steps of the ethical decision making process are similar to the steps of:

Accepted Answer

A)   Healthy People 2010
B)   Deontology
C)   The nursing process
D)   Advocacy

Question 6

A nurse in the 1960s would have referred to which code of ethics to guide ethical decision making?

Accepted Answer

A)   Nightingale Pledge
B)   Code for Professional Nurses
C)   Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements
D)   International Council of Nurses (ICN)  Code of Ethics for Nurses

Question 7

When nurses apply the knowledge and processes of ethics to the examination of ethical problems in health care,they are using:

Accepted Answer

A)   Values
B)   Morality
C)   Ethics
D)   Bioethics

Question 8

An example of an ethical dilemma is:

Accepted Answer

A)   Whether or not to set up a community health center in a rural area
B)   Allocating resources in a natural disaster
C)   Deciding to withdraw care on a hospice patient
D)   Applying the principles of Florence Nightingale in Bangladesh

Question 9

Examples of the benefits of distributive justice are:

Accepted Answer

A)   Basic needs, material and social goods, liberties, rights, and entitlements
B)   Taxes, military service, location of incinerators or power plants
C)   Entitlement to equal rights and equal treatment
D)   The right to private property and personal assets

Question 10

An orderly process that considers ethical principles,client values,and professional obligations is:

Accepted Answer

A)   Accountability
B)   Ethical decision making
C)   Moral principles
D)   Code for Nursing Practice

Question 11

Why would a nurse refer to the Code of Ethics for Nurses or the Public Health Code of Ethics?

Accepted Answer

A)   To provide answers for ethical dilemmas
B)   To guide professional practice related to ethics
C)   To increase moral leadership in ethics
D)   To find a framework for ethical decision making

Question 12

Which statement fits the Liberal Democratic Theory of John Rawls?

Accepted Answer

A)   Rejection of any idea that societies, states, or collectives of any form can be the bearers of rights or can owe duties.
B)   Inequalities result from birth, natural endowment, and historic circumstances.
C)   Everyone has a right to private property.
D)   Government should be limited.

Question 13

How can a community health nurse apply the Ethical Principles for Effective Advocacy? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)   Act in the health care provider's best interest.
B)   Keep the client (group, community)  properly informed.
C)   Maintain client confidentiality.
D)   Carry out instructions with diligence and competence.

Question 14

Which statement about feminist ethics is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)   Feminists include only women in their worldview.
B)   Persons who ascribe to feminist ethics are passive and wish to pursue their ideals through the legislative process.
C)   Feminists believe that men should not be nurses.
D)   Women's thinking and moral experiences are important and should be taken into account.

Question 15

Which statement is discussed in the Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements?

Accepted Answer

A)   The profession of nursing is responsible for making political statements and supporting nurse-friendly candidates for office.
B)   The nurse's primary focus is on acute bedside nursing, followed by community health care to promote seamless care.
C)   The nurse owes duty primarily to the physician to strive to protect health, safety, and the rights of the patient.
D)   The profession of nursing is responsible for articulating nursing values, for maintaining the integrity of the profession, and for shaping social policy.

Question 16

According to Leininger and Watson,the moral ideal of nursing is:

Accepted Answer

A)   Caring
B)   Advocacy
C)   Responsibility
D)   Accountability

Question 17

A nurse applies the ethical principle of non-maleficence when:

Accepted Answer

A)   Administering medications using the "five rights"
B)   Allowing clients to be active participants in their care
C)   Providing patient privacy when delivering care
D)   Referring a client to a physical therapist

Question 18

The ethical tenets that underlie the core function of assessment are (select all that apply):

Accepted Answer

A)   Competency: the persons assigned to develop community knowledge are prepared to collect data on groups and populations
B)   Moral character: the persons selected to develop, assess, and disseminate community knowledge possess integrity
C)   Service to others over self: a necessary condition of what is "good" or "right" policy
D)   "Do no harm": disseminating appropriate information about groups and populations is morally necessary and sufficient

Question 19

When using the principles of virtue ethics in decision making,a nurse would:

Accepted Answer

A)   Provide efficient and effective nursing care.
B)   Identify the meaningful facts in the situation.
C)   Seek ethical community support to enhance character development.
D)   Plan ways to restructure the social practices that oppress women.

Question 20

Which statement about Florence Nightingale's ideas about ethics is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)   Nursing is a call to service, and the moral character of persons entering nursing is important.
B)   Ethical principles are based on the values of the individual nurse.
C)   Society will dictate the ethical principles to which nurses must adhere.
D)   Ethics are very important in times of war, such as in the Crimean War, when she set up public health centers.

Exam 6: Application of Ethics in the Community