Question 1

A Western blot assay was performed,and bands were observed at p24,p41,and gp120/160 (kilodaltons).The organism can be identified as:

Accepted Answer

A)  herpes simplex virus.
B)  human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) .
C)  Borrelia burgdorferi.
D)  T.pallidum. B

Question 2

Complement-fixing antibodies are those that function by:

Accepted Answer

A)  attaching to the surface of pathogens and contributing to their destruction by the lytic action of complement.
B)  binding to and blocking surface receptors for host cells.
C)  attaching to the surface of pathogens and making the pathogens more amenable to ingestion by phagocytic cells.
D)  attaching to the surface of pathogens and contributing to their destruction by chemotaxis. A

Question 3

Polyclonal antibodies are those that:

Accepted Answer

A)  react with many different types of antigens.
B)  react with many species of bacteria within the same genus.
C)  react with many different antigens of one specific organism.
D)  can be produced from many different species of host organisms. C

Question 4

The presence of which of the following antibodies usually indicates a recent or an active infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  Immunoglobulin (Ig) G
B)  IgA
C)  IgM
D)  IgE

Question 5

Monoclonal antibodies are those that:

Accepted Answer

A)  react with many different types of antigens.
B)  react with many species of bacteria within the same genus.
C)  are produced by the offspring of a single hybrid cell.
D)  can be produced from many different species of host organisms.

Question 6

Neutralizing antibodies are those that function by:

Accepted Answer

A)  attaching to the surface of pathogens and contributing to their destruction by the lytic action of complement.
B)  binding to and blocking surface receptors for host cells.
C)  attaching to the surface of pathogens and making the pathogens more amenable to ingestion by phagocytic cells.
D)  attaching to the surface of pathogens and contributing to their destruction by chemotaxis.

Question 7

The study of the diagnosis of disease by measuring antibody levels in serum is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  immunology.
B)  immunohematology.
C)  serology.
D)  immunocytology.

Question 8

The immunochemical test that involves the agglutination of an artificial carrier particle with the antigen bound to its surface and an antibody present in a specimen is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  double immunodiffusion.
B)  counterimmunoelectrophoresis.
C)  particle agglutination.
D)  enzyme immunoassay.

Question 9

A positive test was observed on a serum sample that resulted in the formation of a fine precipitate on a reaction card.The most likely organism serologically identified is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Chlamydia trachomatis.
B)  Bacillus anthracis.
C)  Treponema pallidum.
D)  Toxoplasma gondii.

Question 10

The precipitin test that involves antigen and antibody diffusing toward each other,producing a visible precipitin band at the point at which they meet,is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  double immunodiffusion.
B)  counterimmunoelectrophoresis.
C)  particle agglutination.
D)  enzyme immunoassay.

Question 11

A positive latex agglutination test was observed in a sample containing Cryptococcus neoformans.The specimen of choice to identify this pathogen is:

Accepted Answer

A)  urine.
B)  blood.
C)  stool.
D)  cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) .

Question 12

Cell-mediated immune responses,such as attacking and killing microorganisms or host cells that are damaged or infected,are carried out by:

Accepted Answer

A)  lymphocytes of the thymus-derived (T) class.
B)  lymphocytes of the bone marrow-derived (
B)  class.
C)  neutrophils.
D)  nasophils.

Question 13

Opsonizing antibodies are those that function by:

Accepted Answer

A)  attaching to the surface of pathogens and contributing to their destruction by the lytic action of complement.
B)  binding to and blocking surface receptors for host cells.
C)  attaching to the surface of pathogens and making the pathogens more amenable to ingestion by phagocytic cells.
D)  attaching to the surface of pathogens and contributing to their destruction by chemotaxis.

Question 14

Specific proteins produced by cells of the immune system in response to the presence of foreign molecules that circulate in the serum and are present in secretions such as saliva are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  antigens.
B)  immunoglobulins.
C)  cytokines.
D)  phagogens.

Question 15

A test procedure that applies a specific fluorescent dye-antibody complex to a slide to which the patient specimen has been applied is referred to as a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  solid-phase enzyme immunoassay.
B)  direct fluorescent antibody test.
C)  indirect fluorescent antibody test.
D)  radioimmunoassay.

Question 16

For an accurate diagnostic of a current infection,acute and convalescent sera should reflect a(n)_____ in the patient's antibody titer of _____ doubling dilutions.

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease;two
B)  increase;two
C)  decrease;four
D)  increase;four

Question 17

The antibody that is predominantly found in tears,saliva,and intestinal secretions is:

Accepted Answer

A)  IgG.
B)  IgA.
C)  IgM.
D)  IgE.

Question 18

A patient was suspected of having a rickettsial infection after hiking in the Rocky Mountains.A Weil-Felix test was performed,which resulted in no agglutination observed.Which one of the following statements explains this discrepancy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Detection of rickettsial infections using strains of Proteus is not as specific as other serologic tests;therefore the infections should be retested with a newer method.
B)  The Weil-Felix test is not the appropriate test to order;it cannot detect cross-reacting antibodies.
C)  Rickettsial antibodies should be tested using the fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS) test,not the Weil-Felix test.
D)  No discrepancy is present.Rickettsial antibodies do not agglutinate with Proteus antigens.

Question 19

For most pathogens to be diagnostic of current infection,there must be a(n)_____ in the patient's antibody titer of _____ doubling dilutions.

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease;two
B)  increase;two
C)  decrease;four
D)  increase;four

Question 20

The difference between latex agglutination and hemagglutination is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the type of particle used to carry the antibody.
B)  the type of target organism involved.
C)  that hemagglutination is less specific but more sensitive.
D)  that hemagglutination procedures are temperature sensitive.

Exam 9: Overview of Immunochemical Methods Used for Organism Detection

A Western blot assay was performed,and bands were observed at p24,p41,and gp120/160 (kilodaltons) .The organism can be identified as:

Complement-fixing antibodies are those that function by:

Polyclonal antibodies are those that:

The presence of which of the following antibodies usually indicates a recent or an active infection?

Monoclonal antibodies are those that:

Neutralizing antibodies are those that function by:

The study of the diagnosis of disease by measuring antibody levels in serum is called:

The immunochemical test that involves the agglutination of an artificial carrier particle with the antigen bound to its surface and an antibody present in a specimen is referred to as:

A positive test was observed on a serum sample that resulted in the formation of a fine precipitate on a reaction card.The most likely organism serologically identified is:

The precipitin test that involves antigen and antibody diffusing toward each other,producing a visible precipitin band at the point at which they meet,is referred to as:

A positive latex agglutination test was observed in a sample containing Cryptococcus neoformans.The specimen of choice to identify this pathogen is:

Cell-mediated immune responses,such as attacking and killing microorganisms or host cells that are damaged or infected,are carried out by:

Opsonizing antibodies are those that function by:

Specific proteins produced by cells of the immune system in response to the presence of foreign molecules that circulate in the serum and are present in secretions such as saliva are called:

A test procedure that applies a specific fluorescent dye-antibody complex to a slide to which the patient specimen has been applied is referred to as a(n) :

For an accurate diagnostic of a current infection,acute and convalescent sera should reflect a(n) _ in the patient's antibody titer of _ doubling dilutions.

The antibody that is predominantly found in tears,saliva,and intestinal secretions is:

A patient was suspected of having a rickettsial infection after hiking in the Rocky Mountains.A Weil-Felix test was performed,which resulted in no agglutination observed.Which one of the following statements explains this discrepancy?

For most pathogens to be diagnostic of current infection,there must be a(n) _ in the patient's antibody titer of _ doubling dilutions.

The difference between latex agglutination and hemagglutination is:

Exam 9: Overview of Immunochemical Methods Used for Organism Detection

A Western blot assay was performed,and bands were observed at p24,p41,and gp120/160 (kilodaltons) .The organism can be identified as:

Complement-fixing antibodies are those that function by:

Polyclonal antibodies are those that:

The presence of which of the following antibodies usually indicates a recent or an active infection?

Monoclonal antibodies are those that:

Neutralizing antibodies are those that function by:

The study of the diagnosis of disease by measuring antibody levels in serum is called:

The immunochemical test that involves the agglutination of an artificial carrier particle with the antigen bound to its surface and an antibody present in a specimen is referred to as:

A positive test was observed on a serum sample that resulted in the formation of a fine precipitate on a reaction card.The most likely organism serologically identified is:

The precipitin test that involves antigen and antibody diffusing toward each other,producing a visible precipitin band at the point at which they meet,is referred to as:

A positive latex agglutination test was observed in a sample containing Cryptococcus neoformans.The specimen of choice to identify this pathogen is:

Cell-mediated immune responses,such as attacking and killing microorganisms or host cells that are damaged or infected,are carried out by:

Opsonizing antibodies are those that function by:

Specific proteins produced by cells of the immune system in response to the presence of foreign molecules that circulate in the serum and are present in secretions such as saliva are called:

A test procedure that applies a specific fluorescent dye-antibody complex to a slide to which the patient specimen has been applied is referred to as a(n) :

For an accurate diagnostic of a current infection,acute and convalescent sera should reflect a(n) _____ in the patient's antibody titer of _____ doubling dilutions.

The antibody that is predominantly found in tears,saliva,and intestinal secretions is:

A patient was suspected of having a rickettsial infection after hiking in the Rocky Mountains.A Weil-Felix test was performed,which resulted in no agglutination observed.Which one of the following statements explains this discrepancy?

For most pathogens to be diagnostic of current infection,there must be a(n) _____ in the patient's antibody titer of _____ doubling dilutions.

The difference between latex agglutination and hemagglutination is:

For an accurate diagnostic of a current infection,acute and convalescent sera should reflect a(n) _ in the patient's antibody titer of _ doubling dilutions.

For most pathogens to be diagnostic of current infection,there must be a(n) _ in the patient's antibody titer of _ doubling dilutions.