Question 1

A common myth about behavioral approaches assumes that ____.

Accepted Answer

A) people are completely the products of their conditioning histories 
B) people are active participants in the developmental process 
C) people are overwhelmed by their free will 
D) people are greatly affected by their internal mental life.

Question 2

Joseph, a student in the abnormal psychology class, says, "Why are we studying Freud? All he ever talked about was sex and his theory is totally outdated!" A valid response from his professor would be ____.

Accepted Answer

A) "I agree.Your assessment of Freud's theory is correct." 
B) "Let me show you how all of Freud's theories have been supported by modern research." 
C) "Freud's focus on early childhood experiences, the role of the unconscious, and the use of insight continue to assert a pervasive impact on mental health practice." 
D) "Freud's emphasis on sexuality as a precipitating factor in all mental disorders has been found to be totally valid."

Question 3

Which statement about classical conditioning is accurate?

Accepted Answer

A) The conditioned response is a response the organism makes automatically when in the presence of the UCS. 
B) Classical conditioning does not occur unless the associated stimuli are reinforced. 
C) A reliable pairing of the UCS and the UCR leads to learning. 
D) Classical conditioning involves involuntary responses.

Question 4

Classical conditioning is a form of associative learning.What exactly is associated?

Accepted Answer

A) internal models of the world and behavior 
B) a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus 
C) a behavior and its consequence 
D) unconscious motivations and internal needs

Question 5

In the diathesis-stress theory, the diathesis is ____.

Accepted Answer

A) the amount of stressful life changes that activates a disorder 
B) the individual's predisposition to develop illness 
C) an individual's neurotransmitter imbalance 
D) a faulty schema the individual uses to understand the world

Question 6

Because Joan suffers from depression, Dr.Adler has prescribed a medication that alters sensitivity and receptivity to ____ at the receptor sites in her brain.For Justin, who suffers from anxiety, Dr.Adler prescribes a drug that affects receptor reactivity to ____.

Accepted Answer

A) serotonin; GABA 
B) GABA; serotonin 
C) dopamine; acetylcholine 
D) acetylcholine; dopamine

Question 7

As a person-centered therapist, Dr.Finn wants his clients to discover their strengths and their full potential.Dr.Finn would most likely do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) rely on his clients' own strength and potential 
B) make suggestions for ways his clients can increase their strength and potential 
C) point out how his clients get in the way of developing their strength and potential 
D) reinforce the behaviors his clients use that promote their strength and potential

Question 8

Autonomic nervous system reactivity in humans appears to be ____.

Accepted Answer

A) learned 
B) psychogenic 
C) inherited 
D) related to dopamine activity

Question 9

The existential and humanistic approaches differ from one another in that the existentialists emphasize ____.

Accepted Answer

A) the need for society to control and restrict the antisocial impulses of individuals 
B) responsibility to society as well as personal responsibility 
C) the importance of the therapist's interpretation of the client's difficulties in life 
D) optimism

Question 10

When John was growing up, he saw his older brother severely beaten by their father after the brother was caught drinking a beer.Since then, John has never had a beer in his life.What form of learning does this best illustrate?

Accepted Answer

A) classical conditioning 
B) instrumental learning 
C) observational learning 
D) operant conditioning

Question 11

Briefly describe the biological model of psychopathology.Be sure to include a discussion of brain structure and communication among brain structures and the role each may play in the development of psychological problems.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly describe the biological model of psychopathology.Be...

Question 12

A psychologist who sees a client's problems as caused by a lack of useful, productive behaviors and lack of consequences following inappropriate actions probably supports which model of psychopathology?

Accepted Answer

A) existential 
B) psychodynamic 
C) behavioral 
D) humanistic

Question 13

Dr.White says, "Psychopathology is learned through a person's interactions with his or her environment." Dr.White's statement reflects which psychological model?

Accepted Answer

A) behavioral 
B) psychodynamic 
C) cognitive 
D) biological

Question 14

Of the following, which client would be most likely to benefit from psychoanalysis?

Accepted Answer

A) a poor person with limited verbal skills 
B) an older woman in immediate crisis 
C) a well-educated anxious young man 
D) a psychotic older man

Question 15

Models are often utilized by scientists to ____.

Accepted Answer

A) provide a clear and definitive explanation for a phenomenon 
B) help conceptualize the cause of a phenomenon 
C) directly observe a phenomenon 
D) infer a phenomenon to something more abstract

Question 16

Faith says that she agrees with the diathesis-stress view of psychopathology that ____.

Accepted Answer

A) biochemical changes influence the structure of the brain to produce most disorders 
B) the environment plays little, if any, role in the development of disorders 
C) genetics are unimportant in the explanation of disorders 
D) genetics and environmental factors interact to cause disorders

Question 17

Joseph is a hardheaded scientist who puts high value on objective investigation and the clear definition of terms.The model of psychopathology he is most likely to value is ____.

Accepted Answer

A) humanistic 
B) psychoanalytical 
C) behavioral 
D) existential

Question 18

Patients in psychoanalysis unconsciously attempt to impede their treatment by preventing exposure of repressed material.This process is referred to as ____.

Accepted Answer

A) transference 
B) suppression 
C) projection 
D) resistance

Question 19

According to Rogers, behavior disorders are the result of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) insufficient discipline of children by parents 
B) observational learning from poor role models 
C) fixation at early psychosexual stages 
D) incongruence between self-concept and potential

Question 20

Dr.Young says, "My client faced such severe traumas in her first two years of life that her emotional development was arrested in that period.The result is that although she is 29 years old, she is passive and feels helpless." Dr.Young is describing the psychodynamic concept of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) reaction formation 
B) transference 
C) resistance 
D) fixation

Exam 2: Models of Abnormal Behavior