Question 1

Which statement is most likely to be made by a researcher who studies pain perception from a functionalist perspective

Accepted Answer

A)   We can understand pain perception only if we understand the unconscious processes that initiate the sensation of pain. 
B)   We can study pain only by observing the outward expression of pain in response to different stimuli. 
C)   We can study pain only if all the component parts that make up the experience of pain are understood. 
D)   We can understand pain perception only if we understand the role of pain in human survival and adaptation. D

Question 2

Sigmund Freud developed an innovative procedure for treating people with psychological problems.What did he call this procedure

Accepted Answer

A)   rational-emotive therapy 
B)   behaviour modification 
C)   primal therapy 
D)   psychoanalysis D

Question 3

What is NOT an area of specialization in applied psychology

Accepted Answer

A)   industrial and organizational psychology 
B)   counselling psychology 
C)   educational psychology 
D)   cognitive psychology D

Question 4

Who most heavily influenced the functionalist pioneer William James

Accepted Answer

A)   Charles Darwin 
B)   Sigmund Freud 
C)   B.F. Skinner 
D)   John Watson

Question 5

What would you focus on if you were using a multifactorial approach to explain your performance in a course

Accepted Answer

A)   only those factors that you can measure objectively 
B)   the features of your environment that control your reactions to stimuli 
C)   both personal and situational factors 
D)   the relationship between you and your professor

Question 6

Which of the following is typical of "test-wise" students

Accepted Answer

A)   a knack for identifying "trick" questions 
B)   being skilled at using clues contained within a test to improve their scores 
C)   being particularly knowledgeable about the subject matter being tested 
D)   tendency to score high on standardized tests

Question 7

Which statement best describes clinical psychologists

Accepted Answer

A)   Clinical psychologists have Ph.Ds. 
B)   Clinical psychologists do research. 
C)   Clinical psychologists are behaviourists. 
D)   Clinical psychologists are licensed.

Question 8

Which term refers to the mental processes involved in acquiring knowledge

Accepted Answer

A)   introspection 
B)   application 
C)   empiricism 
D)   cognition

Question 9

Why did many psychologists resist psychoanalysis

Accepted Answer

A)   because of its use of introspection 
B)   because of its emphasis on unconscious motivation 
C)   because of its focus on the role of heredity 
D)   because of its explanations in terms of stimulus-response associations

Question 10

Dr.Ramos believes that it is not possible to fully understand emotions unless we understand the role that emotions play in survival and adaptation.With which theorist are Dr.Ramos's views most consistent with

Accepted Answer

A)   Ivan Pavlov 
B)   Carl Rogers 
C)   Edward Titchener 
D)   William James

Question 11

Oliver is studying motivation in chimpanzees.His roommate believes that Oliver's research is only useful for understanding chimpanzees and cannot generalize to humans.Which perspective does Oliver's roommate apparently take

Accepted Answer

A)   cognitive 
B)   biological 
C)   humanistic 
D)   evolutionary

Question 12

Which area is considered an experimental area of psychology

Accepted Answer

A)   clinical 
B)   perception 
C)   organizational 
D)   education

Question 13

Which type of psychology is consistent with the systematic use of rewards in developing effective study habits

Accepted Answer

A)   functionalism 
B)   humanism 
C)   structuralism 
D)   behaviourism

Question 14

Dr.Asgaard believes that to fully understand complex processes,such as auditory processing,it is first necessary to understand all the separate component parts.Which psychologist would be most likely to share Dr.Asgaard's views

Accepted Answer

A)   Ivan Pavlov 
B)   Carl Rogers 
C)   William James 
D)   Edward Titchener

Question 15

Psychology is based on systematic observation rather than pure reasoning or common sense.What is another way of saying this

Accepted Answer

A)   Psychology is rational. 
B)   Psychology is empirical. 
C)   Psychology is behavioural. 
D)   Psychology is speculative.

Question 16

Which term refers to a medical doctor who specializes in diagnosing and treating mental disorders

Accepted Answer

A)   clinician 
B)   psychiatrist 
C)   clinical psychologist 
D)   psychometrist

Question 17

Which branch of psychology is concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders

Accepted Answer

A)   counselling psychology 
B)   developmental psychology 
C)   clinical psychology 
D)   humanistic psychology

Question 18

Which of the early fields in psychology most emphasized the principle of empiricism

Accepted Answer

A)   psychoanalysis 
B)   behaviourism 
C)   humanism 
D)   functionalism

Question 19

What does the concept of culture refer to

Accepted Answer

A)   individuals' collective unconscious 
B)   demographic characteristics of a population 
C)   widely shared customs, beliefs, and values among members of a group 
D)   genetic predisposition to behave in a particular way

Question 20

In trying to understand the psychology of addiction,Dr.Jackson focuses on the neurochemical changes that occur,Dr.Fong focuses on the consequences that people experience for their behaviour,and Dr.Wenkle focuses on the cognitive processes that people use in choosing their actions.Which underlying theme does the different perspectives of these three professionals help to illustrate

Accepted Answer

A)   People's experience of the world is highly subjective. 
B)   Psychology evolves in a sociohistorical context. 
C)   Psychology is empirical. 
D)   Psychology is theoretically diverse.

Exam 1: A: The Evolution of Psychology