Question 1

Geraerts, Raymaekers, and Merckelbach (2008) found that spontaneous sudden memories are more likely to be correlated with documented histories of abuse.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Explain correspondence as it relates to memory.

Accepted Answer

A match between retrieved memory and an actual past event.

Question 3

In the coexistence view of the misinformation effect,

Accepted Answer

A)  the misinformation replaces the memory for the original event.
B)  hypnosis renders the memory untraceable.
C)  retrieval active suppression is inevitable.
D)  the misinformation creates a second memory and participants have source-monitoring difficulties. D

Question 4

Examine and explain the Visual False Memory procedure.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Examine and explain the Visual False Memory...

Question 5

The term "critical intrusion" refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  items for which false memories never occur.
B)  when participants have reality monitoring errors, they often confuse sensory and perceptual details.
C)  the first item on a list, which is more likely to be mistaken for false memories.
D)  false memories created by a list in which all of the words are related or associated with an absent but suggested word.

Question 6

In the misinformation effect, participants witness a simulated crime.Later they receive misinformation about some items, but not others.The general pattern of results is that participants show greater memory accuracy for those items that they received misinformation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Describe critical intrusion.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe critical intrusion....

Question 8

Explain active suppression and what action it deliberately forces.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain active suppression and what action it...

Question 9

One of the advantages of hypnosis is that it can lead to a reduction in pain in people suffering from chronic pain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

In McCloskey and Zaragoza (1985), the misinformation effect did not occur because:

Accepted Answer

A)  the distractors in a recognition test did not include the misinformation.
B)  the researchers used neutral words instead of emotional words.
C)  the participants were warned about the possibility of misinformation.
D)  blending of the original event and the misinformation occurred.

Question 11

Research shows that the ______ interview can boost the amount recalled by a willing eyewitness.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research shows that the ______ interview can...

Question 12

Which of the following statements concerning Susan Clancy's (1995) research on people who remember being abducted by space aliens is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Abductees insisted that their memories are true.
B)  Abductees have similar psychological profiles to normal controls, and that they do not have a higher rate of psychiatric illness than does a control population.
C)  Abductees were more likely to show memory illusions than control populations.
D)  Abductees show very low scores on scales used to measure susceptibility relative to controls.

Question 13

If you false report a memory of an imagined event as really happening, your false memory has arisen because of:

Accepted Answer

A)  source-monitoring problems.
B)  suggestibility issues.
C)  the correspondence problem.
D)  associative structures.

Question 14

Anderson and Green (2001) were interested in repression that could be simulated in the laboratory and modeled on retrieval active suppression.They trained participants on simple word pairs.When the participants had mastered a list of forty word pairs (i.e., improved to the point where they could recall all the target words when given the cue word), they were given what Anderson and Green called a "think/no think" procedure.They found that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the participants showed a rebound effect; they recognized more "no think" items in a memory test one week later.
B)  there was a lower false memory rate for suppressed items.
C)  the suppressed items were recalled much worse than control items.
D)  there was a higher false memory rate for suppressed items.

Question 15

The trace ______ view is also a theory that explains the misinformation effect.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The trace ______ view is also a...

Question 16

McCloskey and Zaragoza presented two choices, an object seen in the original event (i.e., a Coke can) and the object suggested in the misinformation (i.e., a Budweiser can).In the second condition, McCloskey and Zaragoza presented the object from the original event (i.e., the Coke can) with a distractor that was not part of the misinformation (i.e., a 7-Up can).They found that:

Accepted Answer

A)  people got thirsty during the experiment.
B)  false memories occurred only for the imagination inflation items.
C)  when the recognition test did not include the misinformation item, participants were equally accurate as when no misinformation was presented.
D)  when the recognition test did not include enough distractors, accuracy decreased dramatically.

Question 17

Hypnosis is always best used in the cognitive interview.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

If you false report a memory of an imagined event as really happening, your false memory has arisen because of ______ monitoring problems.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If you false report a memory of...

Question 19

Which is a valid and often-made criticism of the DRM procedure for inducing critical intrusions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Participants seldom recall the false memory they were asked to produce.
B)  The false memories observed may be unlike false memories for real-world trauma.
C)  The critical intrusions only occur for items in the recency portion of a serial-position curve.
D)  When participants are made aware of the possibility of false memories, there is a slight decrease in the number of intrusions.

Question 20

Smith and Moynan (2008) were interested in testing the failure-to-rehearse hypothesis.They asked participants to study some neutral categories and some emotional ones.They found that:

Accepted Answer

A)  in the "forget" condition, participants were unable to inhibit category names and their recall was successful.
B)  in the "control" condition, the instructions did not lead to better recall of category names.
C)  recall of category names was lower in the "forget" condition than in the control condition, especially for emotional categories.
D)  repression occurred only when the participants were subjected to traumatic conditions.

Exam 8: False Memory

Geraerts, Raymaekers, and Merckelbach (2008) found that spontaneous sudden memories are more likely to be correlated with documented histories of abuse.

Explain correspondence as it relates to memory.

In the coexistence view of the misinformation effect,

Examine and explain the Visual False Memory procedure.

The term "critical intrusion" refers to:

In the misinformation effect, participants witness a simulated crime.Later they receive misinformation about some items, but not others.The general pattern of results is that participants show greater memory accuracy for those items that they received misinformation.

Describe critical intrusion.

Explain active suppression and what action it deliberately forces.

One of the advantages of hypnosis is that it can lead to a reduction in pain in people suffering from chronic pain.

In McCloskey and Zaragoza (1985) , the misinformation effect did not occur because:

Research shows that the ______ interview can boost the amount recalled by a willing eyewitness.

Which of the following statements concerning Susan Clancy's (1995) research on people who remember being abducted by space aliens is false?

If you false report a memory of an imagined event as really happening, your false memory has arisen because of:

The trace ______ view is also a theory that explains the misinformation effect.

Hypnosis is always best used in the cognitive interview.

If you false report a memory of an imagined event as really happening, your false memory has arisen because of ______ monitoring problems.

Which is a valid and often-made criticism of the DRM procedure for inducing critical intrusions?

Smith and Moynan (2008) were interested in testing the failure-to-rehearse hypothesis.They asked participants to study some neutral categories and some emotional ones.They found that: