Question 1

Which of the following statements is correct with respect to the sites of synthesis of B and T cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  In bony fish,B cells are produced in the kidney or spleen.
B)  In most vertebrates,B cells are produced in body cells,but in different locations of the body.
C)  Jawless fish produce T cells in the thymus.
D)  Bony and cartilaginous fish produce T cells in the gill region,referred to as the thymoids. A

Question 2

What activates memory cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  an encounter with an antigen
B)  an encounter with mast cells
C)  cells that have undergone partial differentiation
D)  stem cells A

Question 3

Before a lymphocyte encounters an antigen,it is referred to as a ___________________.

Accepted Answer

naive lymphocyte

Question 4

Insecticides and anti-malarial drugs have been used for decades to fight malaria with limited success.Currently,research is focusing on genetic modification and creation of __________________ mosquitos that cannot spread the parasite.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Insecticides and anti-malarial drugs have been used...

Question 5

Which of the following cells are involved in cellular immunity?

Accepted Answer

A)  lymphocytes
B)  phagocytes
C)  leucocytes
D)  A and B

Question 6

Jawless fish lack immunoglobulins and use __________________ to recognize non-self macro molecules.

Accepted Answer

A)  variable antigen receptors
B)  variable lymphocyte receptors
C)  C region receptors
D)  recombination signal receptors

Question 7

Which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  From an evolutionary perspective,the adaptive immune system is older than the innate immune system.
B)  Viruses contain a cell wall composed of B-glucans.
C)  Phagocytic cells secrete cytotoxic compounds and initiate apoptosis.
D)  Once animals detect pathogen-associated molecular patterns,an immune response is initiated.

Question 8

The natural hosts for the myxoma virus are

Accepted Answer

A)  South American jungle rabbits.
B)  North American rabbits.
C)  European rabbits.
D)  native Australian rabbits.

Question 9

What evidence lends support to the hypothesis that in a species,males generally have lower immunotolerance than females?

Accepted Answer

A)  Males die younger.
B)  When males are treated with testosterone implants,a decrease in immunotolerance is observed.
C)  When males are treated with cholesterol implants,an increase in immunotolerance is observed.
D)  The slower the maturity rate,the lower the immunotolerance.

Question 10

Macrophages

Accepted Answer

A)  secrete cytokines that initiate changes in other cells.
B)  are capable of ingesting neutrophils.
C)  are referred to as polymorphonuclear (PMN) cells.
D)  A and B

Question 11

T cells that cause other cells to respond are referred to as ________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of T cells that cause other cells to...

Question 12

For over a decade the blood of a mammal contains a certain cell type in its immune system.One day the cell recognizes an antigen that it had previously encountered,binds to it,and triggers an immune response.What kind of cell would react in this way?

Accepted Answer

A)  T cell
B)  monocyte
C)  eosinophil
D)  memory cell

Question 13

The myxoma virus is transmitted from one rabbit to another

Accepted Answer

A)  in drinking water.
B)  by predators.
C)  by blood-sucking insects.
D)  by interaction with other herbivores.

Question 14

What do macrophages and neutrophils have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both kill pathogens by phagocytosis.
B)  Both are polymorphonuclear cells.
C)  Both are derived from lymphoblasts.
D)  Both secrete cytotoxic agents.

Question 15

______________ cells play an important role in allergic reactions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ______________ cells play an important role in...

Question 16

Which of the following statements best describes how humans are infected by the malaria parasite?

Accepted Answer

A)  In the hemolymph of the mosquito,the gametocytes mature,migrate to the salivary glands,and are injected into the host when the mosquito feeds.
B)  In the mosquito's digestive tract the parasite produces oocysts,which migrate to the salivary glands,and are injected into the host when the mosquito feeds.
C)  In the mosquito's digestive tract the parasite produces gametocytes,which migrate to the salivary glands,and are injected into the host when the mosquito feeds.
D)  In the mosquito's digestive tract the parasite develops into infective sporozoites,which travel to the salivary glands,and are injected into the host when the mosquito feeds.

Question 17

Neutrophils

Accepted Answer

A)  are the least abundant of the leukocytes in mammals.
B)  stain dark blue by the histological H&E stain.
C)  use both phagocytosis and secretion of antimicrobial agents to destroy microbes.
D)  B and C

Question 18

Explain how immunization works and provide at least two examples of successful vaccination programs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain how immunization works and provide at...

Question 19

The adaptive immune system can bolster a specific immune response as a result of

Accepted Answer

A)  antigens.
B)  antibodies.
C)  creation of clone cells.
D)  immunological memory.

Question 20

Mannose-binding lectin is an example of an ____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mannose-binding lectin is an example of an...

Exam 10: Immune Systems