Question 1

Which psychologist first developed modern intelligence-testing methods?

Accepted Answer

A) Jean Piaget 
B) Alfred Binet 
C) Alfred Adler 
D) Jean Benoit

Question 2

A novice problem solver is likely to try to handle one aspect of the problem at a time. This is called ________ processing.

Accepted Answer

A) one-sided 
B) unipolar 
C) serial 
D) none of these

Question 3

Learning theories of language development emphasize the role of

Accepted Answer

A) inborn factors. 
B) reinforcement and imitation. 
C) language acquisition devices. 
D) overgeneralization.

Question 4

A child who says "sit" may mean "Mommy, sit over here." This use of the word "sit" is called a(n) ____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A child who says "sit" may mean...

Question 5

Instead of using mental age to compute IQ, Wechsler based IQ scores on how a person's answers compared with those attained by other persons of the same age. This concept is known as the _________ IQ.

Accepted Answer

A) performance 
B) deviation 
C) standard 
D) peer group

Question 6

Experts are to parallel processing as novices are to __________.

Accepted Answer

A) serial processing 
B) unipolar processing 
C) one-sided processing 
D) all of these

Question 7

A government-funded enriched preschool program for disadvantaged children is called

Accepted Answer

A) Heart Start. 
B) Health Start. 
C) Home Start. 
D) none of these

Question 8

If intelligence is related to genetic factors, then kinship studies should show that

Accepted Answer

A) the more genetically similar individuals are, the more closely their IQ scores will be correlated. 
B) the more genetically different individuals are, the less closely their IQ scores will be correlated. 
C) both a and b. 
D) none of these.

Question 9

Creative problem solving demands __________ rather than __________ thinking.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Creative problem solving demands __________ rather than...

Question 10

IQ scores in the Western world have increased significantly over the last 50 years. This is most likely due to

Accepted Answer

A) evolution 
B) improved educational systems 
C) mass media penetration 
D) both b & c

Question 11

Cosmo worked on a difficult calculus problem for several hours to no avail. He decided to take a break from his labors by taking a bath. Midway through his bath, he jumped up and shouted, "Eureka, I solved the problem!" He then ran to his desk and made the calculations. Cosmo allowed __________ to help him overcome the __________ that impeded solution.

Accepted Answer

A) incubation; mental set 
B) a rest period; functional fixedness 
C) insight; mental set 
D) incubation; functional fixedness

Question 12

A weakness of the learning theory of language development is that

Accepted Answer

A) parents reinforce their children for the grammatical correctness of utterances. 
B) children imitate the speech of their peers as well as of their parents. 
C) cooing and crying are inborn. 
D) two-word utterances develop in an invariant sequence around the world.

Question 13

Factor "s" is to business skill as Factor "g" is to ____________.

Accepted Answer

A) mechanical ability 
B) musical talent 
C) adaptive problem solving abilities 
D) sales techniques

Question 14

Crossword puzzle experts solve problems more efficiently and rapidly than neophytes. Select the skill that in your judgment would least contribute to making a person an expert in solving crossword puzzles.

Accepted Answer

A) an inborn aptitude for crossword puzzles 
B) good memory for the elements of crossword puzzles 
C) efficient methods for solving crossword puzzles 
D) relating a puzzle to others similar in structure

Question 15

If you understand what the sounds of a language represent, you understand its

Accepted Answer

A) meaning. 
B) semanticity. 
C) both a and b 
D) none of these

Question 16

Dr. Whorf believes that language structures the way we perceive the world. Therefore, people who speak various languages conceptualize the world in different ways. What is this called?

Accepted Answer

A) infinite creativity in language 
B) the linguistic relativity hypothesis 
C) variations in rules of grammar 
D) the displacement hypothesis

Question 17

Children between the ages of three and five incorrectly apply the rules of past tense and of plural when they say "sitted" instead of "sat" and "gooses" instead of "geese." This phase of language development reflects

Accepted Answer

A) charming childish speech. 
B) a beginning knowledge of grammar. 
C) faulty language development. 
D) inadequate instruction by parents.

Question 18

The anchoring and adjustment heuristic leads people to rely on __________ to help them make decisions.

Accepted Answer

A) the most reliable information they receive 
B) their initial views, adjusted somewhat if necessary 
C) information that remains stable and unchanging 
D) friends who have reached decisions

Question 19

What did a study of 500 pairs of MZ and DZ twins done in Kentucky find, in terms of intelligence?

Accepted Answer

A) The correlations between MZ twins and the correlations between DZ twins were similar. 
B) The correlations between DZ twins were about the same as those between other siblings. 
C) MZ twins were generally smarter than DZ twins. 
D) DZ twins were generally smarter than MZ twins.

Question 20

One's ability to share our past and talk about our future goals involves the _________ capacity of language.

Accepted Answer

A) infinite generativity 
B) semanticity 
C) plurality 
D) displacement

Exam 7: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence