Question 1

Researchers have found that:

Accepted Answer

A)  in unmyelinated axons, positively charged ions flow down the axon at a very fast rate, causing regeneration of the action potential at each node. 
B)  when a nerve impulse reaches the axon terminal's button-like tip, the action potential "hops" over to the receiving neuron's dendrites. 
C)  throughout life, unused synaptic connections are pruned away as cells or their branches die and are not replaced. 
D)  in myelinated axons, the action potential at each point in the axon gives rise to a new action potential at the next point.

Question 2

Glutamate functions as the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following sex hormones contributes to the growth and maintenance of the uterine lining in preparation for a fertilized egg?

Accepted Answer

A)  estrogen 
B)  progesterone 
C)  testosterone 
D)  oxytocin

Question 4

Neurotransmitters exist in the brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and certain glands.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

A collection of neurons and supportive tissue running from the base of the brain down the centre of the back, protected by a column of bones, is called the:

Accepted Answer

A)  amygdala. 
B)  spinal cord. 
C)  somatic nervous system. 
D)  cerebellum.

Question 6

Joan is told by her physician that her symptoms are caused by a loss of myelin. Her symptoms would be likely to include all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  loss of sensation. 
B)  lack of coordination. 
C)  problems with vision. 
D)  flattening of emotion.

Question 7

Oxytocin is secreted by the:

Accepted Answer

A)  endocrine gland. 
B)  adrenal gland. 
C)  pineal gland. 
D)  pituitary gland.

Question 8

After a serious head injury, Conway is working in the woodworking shop of a rehabilitation hospital. He begins planing a piece of wood and continues till it is nothing but splinters. It is most likely that Conway's ________ was injured.

Accepted Answer

A)  frontal lobe 
B)  temporal lobe 
C)  parietal lobe 
D)  occipital lobe

Question 9

Name two hormones that are of particular interest to psychologists and explain some of the tasks that these hormones perform.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Name two hormones that are of particular...

Question 10

Match these functions with the hormones that control them.
-Contributes to the growth and maintenance of the uterine lining in preparation for a fertilized egg.

Accepted Answer

A) androgens 
B) melatonin 
C) cortisol 
D) progesterone 
E) epinephrine

Question 11

The ________, which is shaped like a sphere or a pyramid, contains the biochemical machinery for keeping the neuron alive.

Accepted Answer

A)  dendrite 
B)  glial cell 
C)  cell body 
D)  myelin sheath

Question 12

Match these descriptions with the division of the nervous system they describe.
-The portion of the nervous system that mobilizes bodily resources and increases the output of energy during emotion and stress.

Accepted Answer

A) autonomic nervous system 
B) sympathetic nervous system 
C) peripheral nervous system 
D) somatic nervous system 
E) central nervous system

Question 13

Delaney's levels of serotonin and norepinephrine are abnormally low. These low levels have been associated with:

Accepted Answer

A)  eating disorders. 
B)  sleep disorders. 
C)  depression. 
D)  epilepsy.

Question 14

PET scans show that depressed and anxious patients show ________ neural activity in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased; cerebellum 
B)  decreased; amygdala 
C)  increased; cerebellum 
D)  increased; amygdala

Question 15

Which structure is sometimes called the "gateway to memory"?

Accepted Answer

A)  amygdala 
B)  cerebrum 
C)  thalamus 
D)  hippocampus

Question 16

The autonomic nervous system is divided into two parts that work together but in opposing ways. Describe the functions of each part in detail, and create an example that illustrates the activation of one part and then the other.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The autonomic nervous system is divided into...

Question 17

What happens when an action potential reaches the axon terminal?

Accepted Answer

A)  The action potential jumps to the next neuron. 
B)  The action potential reverses direction and returns to the cell body. 
C)  The action potential excites the next neuron. 
D)  The action potential causes a neurotransmitter to be released.

Question 18

Match these functions with the part of a neuron they describe.
-A fatty insulation that may surround the axon of a neuron.

Accepted Answer

A) dendrite 
B) myelin sheath 
C) axon 
D) cell body 
E) synapse

Question 19

Reflexes above the neck, such as sneezing and blinking, involve the ________, and reflexes below the neck, such as pulling a hand away from a hot stove, involve the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  lower part of the brain; spinal cord 
B)  cranial nerves; precursor cells 
C)  sensory nerves; lower part of the brain 
D)  spinal cord; cranial nerves

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a conclusion drawn by scientists studying sex differences in the brains of men and women?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sex differences in the brain could be the result rather than the cause of behavioural differences. 
B)  Brain differences explain women's superior intuition and their love of talking about feelings. 
C)  A biological difference does not necessarily have implications for behaviour or performance. 
D)  The overlap between the sexes is greater than the difference between them.

Exam 4: The Brain: Source of Mind and Self