Question 1

Foredunes are critical to the preservation of the integrity of many beaches, but they must maintain ______________ on their surfaces to remain stable.

Accepted Answer

A)  vegetation
B)  water
C)  sunlight
D)  coral
E)  steep slopes A

Question 2

Which of the following particle sizes composes large dust storms that extend hundreds of meters off the ground as in the one pictured below?

Accepted Answer

A)  pebbles
B)  fine dust
C)  sand
D)  sand and pebbles
E)  gravel B

Question 3

How do incoming waves, as shown, transform into a longshore current?

Accepted Answer

When waves reach the shore at an oblique angle, they are refracted toward a parallel orientation with the shore. Incoming additional waves amplify this effect and cause a consistent longshore direction.

Question 4

The most stable, almost permanent, sand dunes are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  mountain dunes
B)  vegetation dunes
C)  crescent dunes
D)  parabolic dunes
E)  star dunes

Question 5

At the base of a wave-cut the term wave-cut is not in the chapter cliff, one will usually find a __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  drift-tide
B)  barrier-bar
C)  wave-cut notch
D)  marine terrace
E)  coral reef

Question 6

The process of waves slowing down as they approach headlands and the waves having to wrap around the headland is referred to as:  .

Accepted Answer

A)  longshore current
B)  breakers
C)  barrier island
D)  wave refraction
E)  tidal ebb

Question 7

Saltation is where small boulders are moved in low arcs across a surface.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

When wind-blown sand size particles are driven against exposed rock, the wearing down of the surface is called ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  abrasion
B)  cohesion
C)  deposition
D)  deflation
E)  saltation

Question 9

A current within the surf zone, as shown in the figure below, that parallels the shoreline is a ___________ current.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A current within the surf zone, as...

Question 10

When sedimentary particles move in low arcs from one point to another, the process is termed __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  siltation
B)  saltation
C)  sublimation
D)  suspension
E)  surface creep

Question 11

The Atlantic and Gulf coasts of the United States are mostly flanked by__________

Accepted Answer

A)  ria landforms
B)  coral reef
C)  fiord landforms
D)  barrier islands
E)  all of the above

Question 12

Wind generated landforms are known as ________________ landforms.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Wind generated landforms are known as ________________...

Question 13

Consider the following statements and select the answer that is not consistent with loess.

Accepted Answer

A)  loess is composed of clays and silts
B)  loess can form vertical cliffs
C)  loess is generated by glacial activity
D)  loess particles are not cohesive
E)  loess provides fertile soil for agriculture

Question 14

The lifting and removal of sand grains in low arcs by wind is termed __________, while the wearing down of an exposed surface by the action of wind blown sand sized particles is described as ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  abrasion; cohesion
B)  cohesion; deposition
C)  deposition; deflation
D)  deflation; saltation
E)  saltation; abrasion

Question 15

All of the following are depositional coastal landforms except:

Accepted Answer

A)  beaches
B)  notches
C)  spits
D)  barrier islands
E)  tombolo

Question 16

Installing a groin along the coastline will result in both erosion and deposition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Star dunes are considered one of the prominent natural dune features in arid environments. Describe the characteristics of this dune type.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Star dunes are considered one of the...

Question 18

Why do desert sand dunes take on several specific shapes?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why do desert sand dunes take on...

Question 19

What are the typical characteristics of loess deposits? Be sure to describe their process of formation and distribution.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the typical characteristics of loess...

Question 20

Desert pavements are best characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A)  continuous surfaces covered by sand
B)  asphalt roadways constructed to move materials across desert regions
C)  a mud-cracked dry lake bed
D)  a surface consisting of concentrated pebbles to small boulders
E)  a wave cut terrace along a rising coastline

Exam 13: Landforms Made by Wind and Waves