Question 1

________ is accomplished by eliminating any reinforcement that maintains a behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A) Shaping 
B) Positive reinforcement 
C) Punishment 
D) Extinction 
E) Negative reinforcement

Question 2

We tend to attribute our own successes to ________, while putting the blame for our failures on ________.

Accepted Answer

A) power; other people 
B) luck; the environment 
C) our parents; ourselves 
D) ability; luck 
E) our bosses; co-workers

Question 3

In a short essay, discuss the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator.Be sure to include a discussion of the four dimensions of personality to support your answer.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a short essay, discuss the Myers-Briggs...

Question 4

Which of the following is true concerning personality types and national cultures?

Accepted Answer

A) You would find many people with an internal locus of control in Australia, the United States and New Zealand. 
B) The United States and Australia rate high in power distance. 
C) North Americans, Australians and New Zealanders believe life is essentially predetermined. 
D) There is no relationship between nationality type and cultures. 
E) Middle Eastern countries believe they can dominate their environment.

Question 5

Usually, the term attitude refers only to the ________ component.

Accepted Answer

A) judgmental 
B) behavioural 
C) cognitive 
D) emotive 
E) affective

Question 6

Which of the following is true about people with high self-esteem?

Accepted Answer

A) They are susceptible to external influence. 
B) They have low expectations for success but are happy with themselves. 
C) They take fewer risks than others. 
D) They choose more unconventional jobs. 
E) They change jobs more often.

Question 7

A biologist would be a good occupational match for what personality type?

Accepted Answer

A) realistic 
B) investigative 
C) artistic 
D) social 
E) enterprising

Question 8

When people judge someone on the basis of the perception of a group they are a part of, they are using the shortcut called ________.

Accepted Answer

A) selectivity 
B) halo effect 
C) stereotyping 
D) assumed similarity 
E) self-serving bias

Question 9

The Big Five Model of personality includes all of the following EXCEPT ________.

Accepted Answer

A) emotional stability 
B) social interaction 
C) agreeableness 
D) extroversion 
E) conscientiousness

Question 10

Which Is It?
Chris had been Linda's boss for about six months.Recently, Linda had been recommending the firing of Charles, one of her own staff, for his repeated 'inability to get along with others.' Chris checked with Charles's co-workers and none of them supported Linda's contention.In addition, several of Linda's peers had met with Chris.Word of Charles's fate was getting out and they wanted to let Chris know that in the past, Linda had singled out other employees for persecution.When asked for specific problems with Charles, Linda mentioned that in addition to his attitude he had been late several times recently.Chris knew that Charles lived several miles away and that others had been late due to poor weather.Chris did not know whether he should support Linda, his manager, or hold off and not fire Charles.
-Refer to Which Is It? (Scenario).What factor of attribution theory was Chris concerned about when Linda's peers mentioned about her past history with subordinates?

Accepted Answer

A) consensus 
B) distinctiveness 
C) seriousness 
D) repetition 
E) consistency

Question 11

The degree to which someone is calm, enthusiastic and secure (positive)or tense, nervous, depressed and insecure (negative)is described as which of the following Big Five personality traits?

Accepted Answer

A) extraversion 
B) openness to experience 
C) conscientiousness 
D) agreeableness 
E) emotional stability

Question 12

If your boss could be described as flexible, adaptable and tolerant, he/she would probably score high on which Myers-Briggs indicator?

Accepted Answer

A) intuitive 
B) feeling 
C) perceptive 
D) sensing 
E) extrovert

Question 13

Employees who have a high external locus of control exhibit all but which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) more alienated from their work setting 
B) less involved in their jobs 
C) blame co-workers for their poor performance 
D) more satisfaction with their jobs 
E) blame their bosses for poor performance

Question 14

A low self-monitoring employee would not adjust well to self-sent signals, but responds well to signals in his/her external environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A person who believes that 'the ends justify the means' would describe a person who has a high level of what personality trait?

Accepted Answer

A) Machiavellianism 
B) self-perception 
C) self-confidence 
D) self-monitoring 
E) locus of control

Exam 15: Understanding and Managing Individual Behaviour