Question 1

Which of the following scenarios describes a nurse facing an ethical dilemma?

Accepted Answer

A)  A nurse who must work Christmas over the strong objections of her family.
B)  A nurse who must choose between two undesirable options.
C)  A nurse assigned to take care of an abusive care recipient.
D)  A nurse who must choose between preferred employment or a better-paying job. B

Question 2

Which of the following types of ethical theories tells us how people act toward each other and their environments and what they believe are good or moral actions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Descriptive value theories
B)  Normative theories
C)  Consequentialism theory
D)  Duty-based theories A

Question 3

Which of the following theorists has been associated with the ethics of care?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carole Gilligan
B)  Immanuel Kant
C)  Jeremy Bentham
D)  John Stuart Mill A

Question 4

Which philosophic approach evaluates ethical perspectives in terms of their congruence and usefulness in human decision-making, across multiple environments?

Accepted Answer

A)  Utilitarian ethics
B)  Metaethics
C)  Virtue ethics
D)  Practical wisdom ethics

Question 5

A nurse reflects on previous experiences with minority populations and considers how these interactions have influenced her present care to these populations.Which part of values clarification and reflection has the nurse used?

Accepted Answer

A)  Formulate a possible course of action.
B)  Examine the influence of beliefs.
C)  Reflect on practice.
D)  Determine the prevalent values.

Question 6

Which of the following represents a limitation to the Ethic of Care model?

Accepted Answer

A)  There are no criteria for right or wrong actions.
B)  The model fosters an ethnocentric view.
C)  The model, as practiced, is not holistic in focus.
D)  The model does not account for interrelationships nor the context of actions.

Question 7

A nurse is using feminist ethics when planning a program for women to promote screening and early detection of breast cancer.Which of the following considerations would be made by the nurse? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Importance of virtue in formulating ethical conduct
B)  Concern for the rights and equality of all individuals
C)  Importance of responsibility when caring for others
D)  Understanding the dynamics and root cause of the imbalance of power

Question 8

Which of the following statements concerning care recipient advocacy is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Care recipient advocacy is not a justification for refusing to follow an order.
B)  A nurse's responsibility is to the assigned care recipient(s)  and not others affected.
C)  Nurses are responsible to speak up on behalf of compromised or vulnerable individuals.
D)  All of the above statements are correct.

Question 9

Which of the following statements is correct concerning a Code of Ethics for professionals?

Accepted Answer

A)  The code is drawn in conjunction with input from the public.
B)  They are absolute rules which must be observed and may not be changed.
C)  They prescribe how members of a profession are expected to act.
D)  All of the above statements are correct.

Question 10

Which of the following statements is true with regard to health promotion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Health-promotion efforts are not concerned with addressing environmental obstacles to health.
B)  Advocates of health promotion are not involved in political campaigns against harmful products.
C)  The business of eliminating health disparities is a unique function of Healthy People 2010 goals.
D)  Health promotion involves collaboration of many professional groups.

Question 11

Which of the following represents a comprehensive view of all of the genes within a given individual?

Accepted Answer

A)  Genetics
B)  Genomics
C)  Genotype
D)  Phenotype

Question 12

A primary care nurse practitioner has advised a care recipient that she is positive for BrCA2, the gene associated with breast cancer in women.The care recipient has two small children.What would be the most appropriate next step for the nurse practitioner to take with respect to this care recipient?

Accepted Answer

A)  Help the care recipient to understand that a prophylactic mastectomy would be in the best interest of her children.
B)  Explore the care recipient's values, believes, and relationships.
C)  Offer no counsel since respecting care recipient autonomy will be adequate.
D)  Deferring the matter to the care recipient's physician.

Question 13

An elderly care recipient has recently been diagnosed with cancer.The care recipient's family has asked the nurse to withhold this information from the care recipient because they feel that this information would cause the care recipient to give up on life and become very depressed.The nurse believes the care recipient should be told this information.Which ethical principle is being upheld by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

A)  Justice
B)  Beneficence
C)  Veracity
D)  Nonmaleficence

Question 14

Which of the following concepts of ethics is described as the "duty to maximize the benefits of actions while minimizing harm"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Advocacy
B)  Justice
C)  Beneficence
D)  Autonomy

Question 15

Which ethical theory is rooted in character-based ethics?

Accepted Answer

A)  Duty-based ethics
B)  Utilitarian-based ethics
C)  Virtue-based ethics
D)  The ethics of care

Question 16

Under what circumstances would a nurse likely experience moral distress?

Accepted Answer

A)  The nurse feels powerless to take the correct action.
B)  The nurse is uncertain regarding the appropriate course of action.
C)  The nurse is caring for a breast cancer care recipient shortly after her own mother died from cancer.
D)  The nurse has been served with a subpoena for a malpractice suit.

Question 17

A care recipient is scheduled to have open-heart surgery.His physical condition is such that he is at high risk to experience complications during the procedure, but he has not been advised of this possibility.Which of the following ethical concepts has been ignored in rendering care for this care recipient?

Accepted Answer

A)  Beneficence
B)  Autonomy
C)  Justice
D)  Informed consent

Question 18

A nurse uses ethical reasoning to solve an ethical dilemma.Why would the nurse use this process?

Accepted Answer

A)  Assists in predicting all of the possible consequences of future actions
B)  Facilitates gathering of the most important information to solve the problem
C)  Considers the importance of caring when solving the problem
D)  Highlights salient aspects of future actions

Question 19

A 24-year-old man with severe cognitive impairment, and no relatives participating in his care, needs to make a decision about removal of a brain tumor that will render him totally dependent for completion of all activities of daily living.The nurse participates in ethical decision-making on his behalf, knowing that the care recipient is unable to benefit from which of the following ethical concepts?

Accepted Answer

A)  Autonomy
B)  Justice
C)  Beneficence
D)  Advocacy

Question 20

Which concept is aimed at interrupting potential ethical problems before they develop?

Accepted Answer

A)  Feminist ethics
B)  Preventive ethics
C)  Metaethics
D)  Normative ethics

Exam 5: Ethical Issues Related to Health Promotion