Question 1

The nurse is caring for a client with Graves disease. When observing the facial features of the client (pictured below), the nurse notes that the client is exhibiting which associated sign of the disease?

Accepted Answer

A) Conjunctivitis 
B) Lacrimation 
C) Periorbital edema 
D) Exophthalmos

Question 2

The nurse is providing care for a young adult client with exophthalmos. Which nursing diagnosis would be the most appropriate for this client?

Accepted Answer

A) Disturbed Body Image 
B) Ineffective Coping 
C) Risk for Injury 
D) Activity Intolerance

Question 3

The nurse suspects that a client is experiencing hypothyroidism. Which question should the nurse ask during the health history?

Accepted Answer

A) "Is your skin often clammy?" 
B) "Do you have brown, shiny patches on your legs?" 
C) "Are you intolerant to heat?" 
D) "Have you had unexplained weight gain?"

Question 4

A client who is at risk for developing osteoporosis asks what can be done to decrease the risk of actually developing the disease. Which intervention would be the most beneficial for this client?

Accepted Answer

A) Decreasing the amount of calcium in the client's diet 
B) Providing the client with assisted range of motion exercising twice daily 
C) Increasing regular weight-bearing activities 
D) Protecting the client's bones with strict bedrest

Question 5

The nurse is preparing an education session for nurses who work in an endocrinology clinic caring for older adult clients. Which statement about the thyroid should the nurse include in her teaching?

Accepted Answer

A) Thyroid hormone is often increased for older adult clients. 
B) Symptoms of hypothyroidism in this group of clients are often confused with symptoms of aging. 
C) Hypothyroidism is a congenital disease that manifests in older adult clients. 
D) Hypothyroidism presents with pitting edema for this group of clients.

Question 6

The nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed calcitonin-human (Cibacalcin)nasal spray. Which teaching point should the nurse include in this client's plan of care?

Accepted Answer

A) Always administer the nasal spray in the left nostril. 
B) Administer the nasal spray in alternate nostrils each day. 
C) Administer the nasal spray in both nostrils at each dose. 
D) Always administer the nasal spray in the right nostril.

Question 7

The nurse is caring for a client who complains of jaundice and pruritus. The healthcare provider suspects that the client has liver disease. What modifiable risk factor for cirrhosis of the liver might the nurse see in the client's history?

Accepted Answer

A) Smokes two packs of cigarettes per day 
B) Drinks a six-pack of beer each evening 
C) History of occupational exposure to hepatic toxins 
D) Family history of fatty liver disease

Question 8

Which intervention can the nurse implement independently to provide support to clients with an alteration in metabolism?

Accepted Answer

A) Administer hormone therapies. 
B) Refer the client to a nutritionist. 
C) Order blood tests. 
D) Refer the client to an acupuncturist.

Question 9

A client with liver cirrhosis begins to drain bright red blood through the nasogastric tube. Which should the nurse prepare to administer to this client?

Accepted Answer

A) Vitamin K 
B) Ferrous sulfate 
C) Platelets 
D) Folic acid

Question 10

What is the primary cause of loss of height in individuals with osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A) Collapse of vertebral bodies 
B) Decrease in length of long bones 
C) Flexion of the knees and hips 
D) Cervical lordosis

Question 11

A client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus tells the nurse that the diagnosis must be wrong because the client is not overweight, eats all of the time, and is thin. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A) "Thin people can be diabetic, too." 
B) "Your condition makes it impossible for you to gain weight." 
C) "Your lab tests indicate the presence of diabetes." 
D) "You are eating large quantities because your condition makes it difficult for your body to obtain energy from the foods taken in."

Question 12

The nurse is planning care for a client admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). On what should the nurse focus for this client's care? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Administration of oral glucose 
B) Monitoring for fluid volume overload 
C) Frequent blood glucose monitoring 
D) Intravenous fluid infusions 
E) Insulin infusion

Question 13

The nurse is providing teaching to a young adult who is at risk for early-onset osteoporosis. Which intervention should the nurse suggest?

Accepted Answer

A) The client should stop all physical activity. 
B) The client should reduce the intake of dairy in the diet. 
C) The client should increase intake of calcium and vitamin D. 
D) The client should start estrogen replacement therapy.

Question 14

The nurse is caring for a newborn born to a mother with uncontrolled hyperthyroidism during pregnancy. What complication should the nurse monitor the newborn for?

Accepted Answer

A) Late closure of fontanels 
B) Slow heart rate 
C) Rapid weight gain 
D) Breathing problems

Question 15

An adult client who resides in a long-term care facility is diagnosed with osteoporosis. The client has a history of falls and dementia. Which nursing intervention will best aid in meeting an outcome goal of injury prevention for this client?

Accepted Answer

A) Using furniture as obstacles to keep the client in the bed 
B) Keeping the bed in the lowest position 
C) Keeping a nightlight on in the hallway 
D) The use of wrist restraints

Question 16

The nurse is caring for an 8-year-old client with cerebral palsy and limited walking ability. The parents are very protective and perform most activities for the child. Which intervention is essential in promoting bone growth and reducing the risk of osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A) Provide client teaching related to using restraints to prevent falls. 
B) Provide client teaching related to assistive devices to encourage walking. 
C) Refer the client to a dietitian to increase calcium and vitamin D intake. 
D) Refer the client to an occupational therapist to increase limb movement.

Question 17

The nurse, teaching a class to a group of community members about the importance of weight loss in decreasing the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, is asked why weight loss reduces the risk associated with the development of this health problem. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A) "Excess body weight impairs the body's release of insulin." 
B) "The amount of food taken in by those who are overweight requires more insulin to adequately metabolize, resulting in diabetes." 
C) "The physical inactivity associated with obesity causes a reduced ability by the body to produce insulin." 
D) "Thin people are less likely to become diabetic."

Question 18

The client with diabetes mellitus reports having difficulty trimming the toenails because they are thick and ingrown. What should the nurse recommend to this client?

Accepted Answer

A) Make an appointment with a podiatrist. 
B) Offer to file the tops of the nails to reduce thickness after cutting. 
C) Cut the nails straight across with a clipper after the bath. 
D) Make an appointment with a nail shop for a pedicure.

Question 19

The nurse is preparing to teach a client who is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus on the preferred area to self-inject insulin. On which area should the nurse focus, based on insulin absorption rates?

Accepted Answer

A) Deltoid 
B) Thigh 
C) Hip 
D) Abdomen

Question 20

A new mother brings her 2-week-old infant in for a checkup because he looks jaundiced and his stools are white. The provider suspects the infant might have biliary atresia. What findings does the nurse anticipate upon assessment of the infant?

Accepted Answer

A) Above average weight gain 
B) Increased urine output 
C) Abdominal distention 
D) Reduced rooting reflex

Exam 12: Metabolism

The nurse is caring for a client with Graves disease. When observing the facial features of the client (pictured below) , the nurse notes that the client is exhibiting which associated sign of the disease?