Question 1

Violence has been part of the attraction of sport since:

Accepted Answer

A)  the invention of sticks,bats,etc. ,used as equipment in different sports
B)  children and youth began playing certain contact sports like hockey and football in North America
C)  the first organized athletic spectacles in the ancient world
D)  women and members of visible minority groups were allowed entry into certain sports C

Question 2

Messner's most innovative element for understanding sporting violence is the way he conceptualizes _____,according to the text.

Accepted Answer

A)  violence against their own bodies
B)  violence against women
C)  violence against men on an opposing team
D)  violence against their own team mates A

Question 3

Your son engages in a fistfight while playing hockey.According to Michael Smith's categories of sports violence,this would be an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  criminal violence
B)  borderline violence
C)  quasi-criminal violence
D)  brutal body contact B

Question 4

According to the text,the most convincing explanation of violence in sport is the _____ theory.

Accepted Answer

A)  social learning
B)  instinct
C)  frustration-aggression
D)  catharsis

Question 5

Which of the following stands in contrast to catharsis theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  instinct theory
B)  violence-begets-violence thesis
C)  frustration-aggression theory
D)  functionalism

Question 6

Growing opposition to fighting in hockey has resulted from a greater understanding of the long-term consequences of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  concussions
B)  broken bones
C)  knee and elbow injuries
D)  post-traumatic stress

Question 7

"Pansification" essentially refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  allowing women to play what have traditionally been male only sports
B)  a perceived threat to the maleness of a sport,especially hockey
C)  violence against one's own body
D)  refusing to play on in a game after being injured

Question 8

Michael Smith defines _____ as any behaviour designed to injure another person,psychologically or physically.

Accepted Answer

A)  authority
B)  power
C)  violence
D)  aggression

Question 9

In the late 19ᵗʰ and early 20ᵗʰ centuries,the overpresence of _____ was seen as a significant problem in the lives of boys.

Accepted Answer

A)  men
B)  sport coaches
C)  women
D)  peers

Question 10

You are watching a friend's daughter play soccer and see a player on her team viciously head-butt a player on the opposing team.This is an example,according to Michael Smith's categories of sports violence,of:

Accepted Answer

A)  brutal body contact
B)  criminal violence
C)  borderline violence
D)  quasi-criminal violence

Question 11

NHL commissioner Gary Bettman likened fighting in hockey to a thermostat that regulates the game.Based on Bettman's analogy,we could argue that he is a proponent of a variation of which of the following theories?

Accepted Answer

A)  instinct theory
B)  functionalism
C)  catharsis theory
D)  frustration-aggression theory

Question 12

The most successful sports league is the United States is the _____ and in Canada the dominant sports business is the _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  NBA;NHL
B)  NFL;NCAA
C)  NBA;CIS
D)  NFL;NHL

Question 13

_____ is defined as a healthy venting of aggression that reduces the risk of further,more dangerous manifestations of violence.

Accepted Answer

A)  Aggression
B)  Frustration
C)  Catharsis
D)  Pankration

Question 14

Using Smith's categories of sports violence,a tackle in football would be considered:

Accepted Answer

A)  brutal body contact
B)  criminal violence
C)  borderline violence
D)  quasi-criminal violence

Question 15

The sixth and final stage of value-added theory is:

Accepted Answer

A)  precipitating factors
B)  operation of social control
C)  growth and spread of a generalized belief
D)  mobilization of participants for action

Question 16

One of the most contentious issues in modern sport is the role of fighting in:

Accepted Answer

A)  football
B)  soccer
C)  basketball
D)  hockey

Question 17

_____ suggests that people come together because of common interests or goals and use the formation for protection to engage in aggressive behaviours.

Accepted Answer

A)  Convergence theory
B)  Emergent norm theory
C)  Contagion theory
D)  Value-added theory

Question 18

In which of the following theories of collective behaviour is it argued that people in a crowd act together as one unit and frequently engage in spontaneous and irrational action?

Accepted Answer

A)  convergence theory
B)  emergent norm theory
C)  contagion theory
D)  value-added theory

Question 19

Your classmate argues,when discussing crowd violence,that new norms for behaviour result from messages between group members and people respond to the moods and actions of those around them.You classmate is,in all likelihood,a/an _____ theorist.

Accepted Answer