Question 1

Drug A has a pKa of 8 and Drug B has a pKa of 10.The pH of the local environment is 7.Which drug will diffuse through membranes more effectively?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neither will diffuse through membranes 
B)  Both Drug A and B equally 
C)  Drug B 
D)  Drug A

Question 2

If a vesicular transporter for a neurotransmitter is blocked,then all of the following could occur except:

Accepted Answer

A)  neurotransmitter synthesis will be reduced. 
B)  neurotransmitters escape the axon terminal. 
C)  neurotransmitters become catabolized by enzymes. 
D)  neurotransmitters concentration will increase in the synaptic cleft.

Question 3

Finding that chronic administration of a psychostimulant reduced dopamine receptors in the brain would be an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  pharmacokinetic tolerance. 
B)  pharmacodynamic tolerance. 
C)  sensitization. 
D)  conditioned tolerance.

Question 4

_____________ refers to an adaption that requires a user to take greater doses of a drug to achieve similar effects.

Accepted Answer

A)  Tolerance 
B)  Sensitization 
C)  Dependence 
D)  Drug disposition

Question 5

List and describe three types of neurotoxicity that can occur.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List and describe three types of neurotoxicity...

Question 6

A drug with a Kd=1 nM has a greater binding affinity that an drug with a Kd=100 nM.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

__________ tolerance occurs when tolerance for a drug carries over to another drug with similar biological actions.

Accepted Answer

A)  Conditioned 
B)  Behavioral 
C)  Cross 
D)  Drug dispositional

Question 8

You are a pharmacologist who recently developed a new therapeutic drug for a brain disorder.Unfortunately,the drug has poor bioavailability.List and describe three potential reasons why the drug had poor bioavailability.

Accepted Answer

The answer of You are a pharmacologist who recently developed...

Question 9

The achievement of a steady-state for a drugs implies the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  the drug's elimination rate is known. 
B)  the drug is eliminated by first-order kinetics. 
C)  the drug is administered regularly according to a set schedule. 
D)  the steady-state is linked to a particular level of drug effect.

Question 10

If a physician informed a patient that she was a poor metabolizer for an anxiolytic drug (drug for treating anxiety),this implies that:

Accepted Answer

A)  she is not complying with the physician's instructions. 
B)  she has fewer enzymes capable of breaking down the drug. 
C)  the drug is unable to cross the blood-brain barrier. 
D)  the drug is nonspecifically binding to proteins in blood.

Question 11

Bioavailabilty reduced specifically for drugs orally administered may be due to:

Accepted Answer

A)  nonspecific binding. 
B)  Phase II biotransformation. 
C)  Phase I biotransformation. 
D)  first-pass metabolism.

Question 12

Passive diffusion is most effective for _____________ drug molecules.

Accepted Answer

A)  small 
B)  quickly metabolized 
C)  inhaled 
D)  non-ionized

Question 13

If a pharmacologist needed to develop a drug with a rapid absorption time,which if the following routes might she choose?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intramuscular 
B)  Oral 
C)  Inhalation 
D)  Sublingual

Question 14

A(n)_______________ is a substance that binds to site on a protein and causes a conformational change in the protein,but neither activates nor prevents activation of the protein.

Accepted Answer

A)  partial agonist 
B)  agonist 
C)  antagonist 
D)  allosteric regulator

Question 15

In order to passively diffuse through the blood-brain barrier,a drug must:

Accepted Answer

A)  lipid soluble, charged, and relatively small. 
B)  water soluble, charged, and relatively small. 
C)  lipid soluble, uncharged, and relatively small. 
D)  water soluble, uncharged, and relatively large.

Question 16

__________________ refers to a drug's strength of binding to a receptor .

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________________ refers to a drug's strength of...

Question 17

The drug entacapone inhibits the enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT),which causes:

Accepted Answer

A)  a decreased reuptake of dopamine. 
B)  an increased concentration of dopamine in the synaptic cleft. 
C)  an increased synthesis of dopamine. 
D)  an inhibition of monoamine oxidase (MAO).

Question 18

The functions of an antagonist imply that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the drug has a poor binding affinity for the receptor. 
B)  the drug will prevent a neurotransmitter from activating a receptor. 
C)  the drug will produce greater neurotransmitter release. 
D)  the neurotransmitter has a poor binding affinity for the receptor.

Question 19

In the study by Siegel in the textbook,_____________ tolerance likely occurred for the effects of heroin.

Accepted Answer

A)  pharmacodynamic 
B)  conditioned 
C)  behavioral 
D)  adaptive

Question 20

An agonist mimics the effect of a neurotransmitter at a receptor.

Accepted Answer