Question 1

Which statements are true regarding the female menstrual cycle? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) Initial cycles may dramatically vary in length. 
B) By adulthood, the commonly accepted cycle average is 28 (27 to 30) days. 
C) The length of a cycle varies among women. 
D) Up to 10 years before menopause, the intervals of the menstrual cycle begin to lengthen. 
E) Menopause is achieved when a woman is without a period for 2 years.

Question 2

What does the student learn regarding the major difference between male and female sex hormone production?

Accepted Answer

A) Luteinizing hormone has no apparent action in a man. 
B) In a man, sex hormone production is relatively constant. 
C) Estradiol is not produced in a man. 
D) In a man, gonadotropin-releasing hormone does not cause the release of follicle stimulating hormone.

Question 3

What happens to the vagina's lining at puberty?

Accepted Answer

A) It becomes thinner. 
B) It becomes thicker. 
C) It assumes a neutral pH. 
D) It undergoes atrophy.

Question 4

Which change is a result of puberty and defends the vagina from infection?

Accepted Answer

A) The pH stabilizes between 7 and 8. 
B) A thin squamous epithelial lining develops. 
C) Vaginal pH becomes more acidic. 
D) Estrogen levels are low.

Question 5

A healthcare professional is discussing breast feeding with a pregnant woman. Which beneficial substance does the professional tell the mother is found in breast milk?

Accepted Answer

A) IgA 
B) IgE 
C) IgG 
D) IgM

Question 6

A surge of which hormone causes the corpus luteum to produce progesterone?

Accepted Answer

A) Follicle stimulating hormone 
B) Luteinizing hormone 
C) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone 
D) Estrogen

Question 7

When does the male body begin to produce sperm?

Accepted Answer

A) Before birth 
B) Shortly after birth 
C) At puberty 
D) When erection is possible

Question 8

A mother reports that her young teens have voracious appetites. The healthcare professional would explain that which hormone is linked to an increase in appetite during puberty?

Accepted Answer

A) Inhibin 
B) Leptin 
C) Activin 
D) Follistatin

Question 9

Having ejected a mature ovum, what does the ovarian follicle develop into?

Accepted Answer

A) Atretic follicle 
B) Theca follicle 
C) Corpus luteum 
D) Functional scar

Question 10

Estrogen has many biological effects on the female body including what? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) Maturation of reproductive organs 
B) Differentiating female physical characteristics 
C) Postpuberty closure of short bones 
D) Regulation of the menstrual cycle 
E) Endometrial regeneration after menstruation

Question 11

What causes the vasomotor flushes (hot flashes) that are associated with declining ovarian function with age?

Accepted Answer

A) Decreased estrogen levels 
B) Absence of estrogen 
C) Increased estrogen levels 
D) Rapid changes in estrogen levels

Question 12

A woman attempting to conceive tells the healthcare professional that she and her partner have intercourse when her basal body temperature (BBT) is around 37°C (98°F) without getting pregnant. What information does the professional give the woman?

Accepted Answer

A) Maybe you need a fertility workup. 
B) That's a normal temperature, but during ovulation BBT decreases. 
C) Temperature alone is not the most accurate way to predict ovulation. 
D) BBT rises consistently above 37.8°C (100°F) with ovulation.

Exam 24: Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems