Question 1

Which of the following best describes prevalence rates of mental disorders?

Accepted Answer

A)  Autism spectrum disorder has roughly the same prevalence across all ethnic groups in the United States. 
B)  All childhood psychological disorders so far studied are more prevalent among African American and Latino children compared to White children. 
C)  The prevalence of some disorders, such as anxiety disorders, are higher among White children than among non-White children. 
D)  The prevalence of conduct problems is highest among Latino children, compared to those of other ethnic groups.

Question 2

How has the overall prevalence of mental health disorders among children changed over the past several decades?

Accepted Answer

A)  It has increased. 
B)  It has decreased. 
C)  It has remained unchanged. 
D)  It increased initially and then decreased to former levels.

Question 3

Nonmaleficence can best be described by the saying ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  "First, do no harm." 
B)  "There's a bad apple in every bin." 
C)  "Always see the silver lining." 
D)  "If at first you don't succeed, try, try again."

Question 4

Abnormality depends upon age,environmental context,and culture.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT one of the ways in which ethnicity and culture affect and interact with the diagnostic process?

Accepted Answer

A)  Different cultural values affect the behaviors that are considered problematic. 
B)  Cultural differences can cause problems in the assessment and diagnostic process. 
C)  Ethnic minorities are often underrepresented in mental health research. 
D)  Having a clinician who is of the same ethnicity as the client is vital to the diagnostic process.

Question 6

Since 1995,the percentage of youth receiving medication to treat their psychological problems has ______; the percentage of youth receiving therapy to treat their psychological problems has ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  increased; stayed the same 
B)  increased; decreased 
C)  increased; increased 
D)  stayed the same; increased

Question 7

Which of the following statements about prevalence is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Point prevalence can never be less than lifetime prevalence for a given disorder. 
B)  Point prevalence can never be more than lifetime prevalence for a given disorder. 
C)  Only lifetime prevalence measures the percentage of people with a disorder at each age. 
D)  Only point prevalence measures the severity of people's disorders.

Question 8

Which of the following is true of risk factors?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are always biological. 
B)  They ensure that the individual will develop psychopathology. 
C)  They tend to compound (the greater number of risk factors, the greater the likelihood of a mental disorder). 
D)  They are specific (generally, certain risk factors confer risks for particular disorders).

Question 9

Your textbook reports findings from a recent study (Frick,2013)that found an association between single-parent families and increased mental health problems.Which of the following can we conclude from this study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Those with low SES will go on, more often than not, to develop mental disorders. 
B)  Low SES causes mental disorders. 
C)  Mental disorders makes it more likely for a second parent to leave the home. 
D)  There is a relationship between single-parent households and increased rates of mental disorder, but the cause cannot be determined from this study.

Question 10

Betsy was diagnosed with social anxiety disorder in childhood.If Betsy experiences homotypic continuity,which of the following is most likely to be true of her in adolescence?

Accepted Answer

A)  Betsy would no longer have anxiety symptoms. 
B)  Betsy would still be diagnosed with social anxiety disorder. 
C)  Betsy would still have anxiety, but her symptoms might change over time such that a different diagnostic label for anxiety is more appropriate. 
D)  Betsy would be likely to meet criteria for multiple anxiety disorders.

Question 11

Medication used to treat a psychological disorder is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A) psychotropic 
B)  behavioral 
C)  neurotropic 
D)  hallucinogenic

Question 12

What are some reasons to prevent mental disorder? Can you think of any reasons this might not be a useful goal?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are some reasons to prevent mental...

Question 13

Your text describes a study (Hamilton,Strange,et al.,2015)about stressful events that involved important people or relationships in children's and adolescents' lives.The results of this study imply that ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  depression was related to the number of interpersonally dependent stressors the participants experienced 
B)  depression was related to the timing of the interpersonally dependent stressors, with those occurring earlier in childhood having a greater impact 
C)  depression was related to a feeling of personal responsibility over the stressors 
D)  boys were more likely to ruminate over interpersonally dependent stressors

Question 14

Which of the following is true of evidence-based practice?

Accepted Answer

A)  It relies on empirically validated methods, not on clinical judgment. 
B)  It can only be implemented if individuals with sociocultural backgrounds similar to that of the client have been investigated empirically. 
C)  It entails following well-established treatments rigidly to ensure validity. 
D)  It is important for providing ethical care to children and families.

Question 15

Which of the following is true of most disorders,as described in the text?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most disorders show homotypic continuity. 
B)  Most disorders show heterotypic continuity. 
C)  Most disorders show spontaneous remission (they go away on their own after a while without treatment). 
D)  Most disorders are subject to equifinality but not multifinality.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the relationship between psychotropic medication and age?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adolescents are more likely to receive psychotropic medication, even though they are less likely than young children to experience psychological disorders. 
B)  Children are more likely to receive psychotropic medication, typically because their psychological disorders tend to be more severe than adolescents'. 
C)  Adolescents are more likely to receive psychotropic medication because they are more likely to experience psychological disorders, and the severity of these disorders tends to be greater than the severity of children's disorders. 
D)  There are no major differences in the rates of psychotropic medication prescriptions between children and adults.

Question 17

What is the appropriate role of anecdotes (personal,individual stories of experiences)in clinical practice?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anecdotes alone can safely and ethically guide clinical practice. 
B)  Anecdotes may contribute to clinical judgment and can be useful when combined with empirical evidence. 
C)  Anecdotes should not be drawn upon at all in clinical practice, either in discussions with clients or in planning treatment. 
D)  Anecdotes are safe to consider as models in certain cases, without additional empirical evidence, but only when the anecdote is very similar to the case at hand.

Question 18

The belief that the degree of disability best defines abnormality is most consistent with which approach?

Accepted Answer

A)  statistical deviancy 
B)  impairment 
C)  psychological distress 
D)  cultural deviancy

Question 19

Brandi has been barely talking when around other people.From the perspective of developmental psychopathology,which of the following is NOT necessarily true?

Accepted Answer

A)  This is abnormal behavior. 
B)  We need to determine whether this behavior is adaptive to her environmental context. 
C)  We need to know how old Brandi is. 
D)  We need to know from what culture Brandi comes.

Question 20

How might an adolescent's ethnicity,religion,or culture influence the likelihood that he might be diagnosed with a mental disorder or be considered "abnormal"?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How might an adolescent's ethnicity,religion,or culture influence...

Exam 1: The Science and Practice of Abnormal Child Psychology