Question 1

Which of the following is true about the genetic disease familial hypercholesterolemia (FH)?

Accepted Answer

A)   FH is a condition characterized by very high levels of cholesterol in the blood.
B)   FH is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.
C)   FH is a form of dwarfism.
D)   FH results from the accumulation of a protein called huntingtin.
E)   FH is inherited as a X-linked recessive trait. A

Question 2

In neurofibromatosis,a(n)____ gene produces many different types of phenotypes.

Accepted Answer

A)   mutant
B)   normal
C)   recessive
D)   X-linked
E)   Y-linked A

Question 3

Why do males show a higher incidence of certain genetic disorders than females?

Accepted Answer

Since males are hemizygous for all of the genes on the X chromosome,any mutation on the X chromosome that causes a recessive genetic disorder will be expressed.Since females have two X chromosomes,both of the X chromosomes would have to have the mutation for the female to express the disorder.

Question 4

Which of the following is true about the genetic disease Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)?

Accepted Answer

A)   DMD affects females at a higher frequency than males.
B)   DMD is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner.
C)   DMD results from a gene located on the Y chromosome.
D)   DMD is inherited as a sex-linked trait.
E)   There are three forms of X-linked muscular dystrophy.

Question 5

Match the type of inheritance to the disorder.
-Albinism

Accepted Answer

A)  autosomal recessive
B)  autosomal dominant
C)  X-linked recessive

Question 6

What is usually true about autosomal recessive disorders?

Accepted Answer

A)   Affected parents have unaffected children.
B)   Unaffected parents can have affected children.
C)   Autosomal recessive disorders are always the result of matings between individuals who are related to each other.
D)   All relatives of affected parents will always have affected children.
E)   None of these statements are true.

Question 7

Match the type of inheritance to the disorder.
-Neurofibromatosis

Accepted Answer

A)  autosomal recessive
B)  autosomal dominant
C)  X-linked recessive

Question 8

Mendel's law of segregation states that

Accepted Answer

A)   the two copies of a gene separate from each other during meiosis.
B)   members of a gene pair segregate into gametes independently of other gene pairs.
C)   genes pair with each other.
D)   two copies of each gene will wind up in each gamete.
E)   meiosis produces gametes.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of an X-linked recessive genetic trait?

Accepted Answer

A)   porphyria
B)   familial hypercholesterolemia
C)   Marfan syndrome
D)   red-green colorblindness
E)   achondroplasia

Question 10

Match the type of inheritance to the description.
-More males than females are affected.

Accepted Answer

A)  autosomal recessive only
B)  autosomal dominant only
C)  X-linked recessive only
D)  autosomal recessive and autosomal dominant only
E)  None of the above.

Question 11

Sickle-cell is

Accepted Answer

A)   found commonly in people whose ancestors originate from parts of North America.
B)   inherited as a dominant disorder.
C)   caused by abnormal hemoglobin molecules.
D)   not associated with any known health problems.
E)   more common in males than females.

Question 12

Mitochondrial disorders

Accepted Answer

A)   are due to inheriting defective mitochondria from both parents.
B)   are passed from father to all of his children.
C)   often affect the muscular system.
D)   are X-linked traits.
E)   are due to mutant autosomal genes.

Question 13

Males donate their ____ chromosome to their daughters and their ____ chromosome to their sons.

Accepted Answer

A)   X, X
B)   X, Y
C)   X, O
D)   O, O
E)   Y, Y

Question 14

A recessive allele is

Accepted Answer

A)   an allele that expresses its phenotypic effect even when it is present with a dominant allele.
B)   an allele whose presence can be hidden.
C)   only present in males.
D)   only present in females.
E)   always present in homozygous individuals.

Question 15

Which of the following is true about Huntington disease?

Accepted Answer

A)   Symptoms typically appear between the ages of 10 and 20 years.
B)   Individuals have a 25% chance of inheriting the condition from an affected parent.
C)   Many individuals have already had children before developing the disorder.
D)   Most affected individuals are homozygous for the gene (HH) .
E)   Once symptoms appear, the disease progresses very rapidly.

Question 16

Match the type of inheritance to the disorder.
-Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Accepted Answer

A)  autosomal recessive
B)  autosomal dominant
C)  X-linked recessive

Question 17

Huntington disease is caused by

Accepted Answer

A)   the absence of a gene.
B)   a gene found on the X chromosome.
C)   two copies of a recessive allele.
D)   the accumulation of a defective protein.
E)   several defective genes.

Question 18

If the proband is adopted,pedigrees of the adoptive parents are of little value.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

In the case of dominant disorders,a heterozygote who carries one copy of a mutant dominant allele has the condition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

MATCHING
Match the description to the disorder.
-Sickle cell anemia

Accepted Answer

A)  Production of thick mucus
B)  Inability to form a clotting factor
C)  Results in muscle wasting
D)  Deformed red blood cells are destroyed faster than they can be replaced
E)  Tumors can cause paralysis or blindnessF) Destruction of cells in parts of the brainG) Lack of pigmentation

Exam 4: How Genes Are Transmitted From Generation to Generation

Which of the following is true about the genetic disease familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) ?

In neurofibromatosis,a(n) ____ gene produces many different types of phenotypes.

Why do males show a higher incidence of certain genetic disorders than females?

Which of the following is true about the genetic disease Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) ?

Match the type of inheritance to the disorder. -Albinism

What is usually true about autosomal recessive disorders?

Match the type of inheritance to the disorder. -Neurofibromatosis

Mendel's law of segregation states that

Which of the following is an example of an X-linked recessive genetic trait?

Match the type of inheritance to the description. -More males than females are affected.

Sickle-cell is

Mitochondrial disorders

Males donate their chromosome to their daughters and their chromosome to their sons.

A recessive allele is

Which of the following is true about Huntington disease?

Match the type of inheritance to the disorder. -Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Huntington disease is caused by

If the proband is adopted,pedigrees of the adoptive parents are of little value.

In the case of dominant disorders,a heterozygote who carries one copy of a mutant dominant allele has the condition.

MATCHING Match the description to the disorder. -Sickle cell anemia