Question 1

Which of these individuals is NOT a pioneer of the guidance tradition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Maria Montessori
B)  Jean Piaget
C)  Friedrich Froebel
D)  John Comenius B

Question 2

John Dewey's greatest contribution to the guidance tradition resulted when he

Accepted Answer

A)  initiated the constructivist movement in the United States.
B)  joined the "self psychologists" and formulated a new branch of self analysis.
C)  promoted progressive education in the United States.
D)  formulated the basics for assertive discipline in the United States. C

Question 3

Explain the differences between the guidance approach and the assertive discipline approach.

Accepted Answer

The basis of the guidance approach stems from the belief that human nature has the potential for good.It holds that the adult should guide the child,rather than discipline the child,to develop inner strength needed to make ethical and intelligent decisions.
Assertive discipline clearly establishes the role of the student and authority of the teacher,using a system of rewards and punishments.
For the children,it does not allow for individual differences or circumstances,setting up winners and losers.Public identification of "culprits" demoralizes and humiliates.For the teacher,they are unable to use professional judgment or accommodate for learner differences.This method of discipline places the teacher and learner at odds.
Critics of assertive discipline have argued that it has negative implications for children and teachers.In addition,it has been criticized for its failure to allow for individual circumstances.Children who might make innocent mistakes would suffer humiliation.Additionally,it was believed that students can grow immune to the demands of the discipline and become stigmatized as "out-groups" within the school setting.

Question 4

Compare Piaget's constructivist approaches to the classroom environment with those in the NAEYC document on guidance practices.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare Piaget's constructivist approaches to the classroom...

Question 5

The encouraging classroom

Accepted Answer

A)  Uses the assertive discipline approach to classroom management
B)  Fosters worth within each child and gives confidence to all children that they can learn.
C)  Leaves the teacher-only empowered to build classroom interactions
D)  Creates a teacher-centered approach to learning.

Question 6

Seven key practices about the way in which children should be treated in schools were identified by

Accepted Answer

A)  Maria Montessori
B)  John Dewey
C)  Friedrich Froebel
D)  Robert Owen

Question 7

A child in a constructivist-learning environment

Accepted Answer

A)  Learns concepts and facts as presented by the teacher or teacher aide
B)  Creates learning from adult-led interactions only.
C)  Encourages the child to make meaning from the personal experience
D)  Ignores social,emotional,and cultural differences in learners.

Question 8

Who was best known for work in the area of "positive discipline"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Johann Pestalozzi
B)  Maslow
C)  Haim Ginott
D)  Rudolph Dreikurs

Question 9

Describe how Piaget's idea of individual respect and cooperation in the classroom coincides with other Pioneers of the guidance tradition.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe how Piaget's idea of individual respect...

Question 10

Assertive discipline and obedience-based systems

Accepted Answer

A)  Support developmentally appropriate practice
B)  Use a system of rewards and punishments
C)  Holds that the adult should guide the child,rather than discipline the child
D)  Stems from the belief that human nature has the potential for good

Question 11

Maria Montessori started schools known as "casa del bambini" that were

Accepted Answer

A)  Designed for the children of factory workers
B)  Provided a model for the elevation of child care from custodial care to educational care.
C)  Both a and be
D)  Neither a nor b

Question 12

Which of the following practices is NOT used in the guidance tradition?

Accepted Answer

A)  punishment
B)  encouragement
C)  the empowering of productive human activity
D)  the teaching of democratic life skills

Question 13

Describe Montessori's,Froebel's,and Dewey's contribution in changing educational practices in the classroom.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe Montessori's,Froebel's,and Dewey's contribution in changing educational...

Exam 1: The Guidance Tradition