Question 1

Virtual endoscopy allows the viewer to "fly through" structures such as: 
I. colon
II. tracheobronchial tree
III. vessels

Accepted Answer

A)  I and II
B)  II and III
C)  I and III
D)  I, II, and III D

Question 2

Describe the role of the radiological technologist in three-dimensional computed tomography imaging.

Accepted Answer

Radiologic technologists will first need to expand their knowledge regarding three-dimensional imaging and the techniques used. This may require educational programs to begin offering courses pertaining to three-dimensional imaging. Technologists must have effective communication with the radiologists and work as a team to obtain quality three-dimensional examinations.

Question 3

__________ information is used to assess the three elements of technique of the three-dimensional imaging procedure.

Accepted Answer

A)  Reconstructed
B)  Qualitative
C)  Quantitative
D)  Virtual C

Question 4

An internal representation of surfaces that will be visible in the displayed image and then "lights" according to a standard protocol describes:

Accepted Answer

A)  multiplanar rendering
B)  surface rendering
C)  volume rendering
D)  voxel rendering

Question 5

Which modeling technique transforms a two-dimensional profile into a three-dimensional object?

Accepted Answer

A)  extrusion
B)  image mapping
C)  procedural texturing
D)  surface mapping

Question 6

Three-dimensional rendering algorithms include: 
I. virtual rendering
II. surface rendering
III. volume rendering

Accepted Answer

A)  I and II
B)  II and III
C)  I and III
D)  I, II, and III

Question 7

Limitations of maximum intensity projections include: 
I. artifacts from pulsating vessels
II. inability to show superimposed structures
III. images are three-dimensionally ambiguous unless depth cues are provided

Accepted Answer

A)  I and II
B)  II and III
C)  I and III
D)  I, II, and III

Question 8

All of the following are major elements of a typical three-dimensional imaging system except:

Accepted Answer

A)  detector array
B)  output
C)  the user
D)  workstations

Question 9

Three-dimensional imaging has found applications in all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  cardiovascular surgery
B)  neurosurgery
C)  ultrasound-guided biopsies
D)  visualization of mummies

Question 10

The zero point is also called the:

Accepted Answer

A)  cartesian point
B)  height of the axes
C)  point of intersection
D)  width of the axes

Question 11

Which algorithm provides a valuable perspective in defining lesions for surgical planning or detecting subtle small airway diseases?

Accepted Answer

A)  average intensity projection
B)  maximum intensity projection
C)  minimum intensity projection
D)  total intensity projection

Question 12

Equipment for three-dimensional image processing includes: 
I. computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging scanner console
II. memory and archiving computer
III. stand-alone computer workstations

Accepted Answer

A)  I and II
B)  II and III
C)  I and III
D)  I, II, and III

Question 13

All of the following are volume imaging methods except:

Accepted Answer

A)  anaglyphic
B)  holography
C)  polygonal methods
D)  varifocal mirrors

Question 14

Clinical applications of three-dimensional imaging in computed tomography include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  craniomaxillofacial complex
B)  endocrine system
C)  gastrointestinal system
D)  pulmonary system

Question 15

Which of the following is an algorithm intended to create a thick multiplanar reconstruction by using the average of the attenuation through the tissues of interest?

Accepted Answer

A)  average intensity projection
B)  maximum intensity projection
C)  minimum intensity projection
D)  total intensity projection

Question 16

The processing of an object-based model into a simulated three-dimensional image involves: 
I. object delineation
II. rendering
III. segmentation

Accepted Answer

A)  I and II
B)  II and III
C)  I and III
D)  I, II, and III

Question 17

Algorithms for sliding thin slabs include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  average intensity projection
B)  maximum intensity projection
C)  minimum intensity projection
D)  total intensity projection

Question 18

The purpose of three-dimensional imaging is to use large amounts of data collected from the patient to provide both qualitative and quantitative information.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following uses voxel information to transform the images into a collection of objects with subsequent processing concentrating on the display of the objects?

Accepted Answer

A)  model-based processing
B)  object-based processing
C)  surface-based processing
D)  voxel-based processing

Question 20

Volume rendering produces three-dimensional images that have a better image quality and provide more information compared with surface rendering.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 14: Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography: Basic Concepts

Virtual endoscopy allows the viewer to "fly through" structures such as: I. colon II. tracheobronchial tree III. vessels

Describe the role of the radiological technologist in three-dimensional computed tomography imaging.

__________ information is used to assess the three elements of technique of the three-dimensional imaging procedure.

An internal representation of surfaces that will be visible in the displayed image and then "lights" according to a standard protocol describes:

Which modeling technique transforms a two-dimensional profile into a three-dimensional object?

Three-dimensional rendering algorithms include: I. virtual rendering II. surface rendering III. volume rendering

Limitations of maximum intensity projections include: I. artifacts from pulsating vessels II. inability to show superimposed structures III. images are three-dimensionally ambiguous unless depth cues are provided

All of the following are major elements of a typical three-dimensional imaging system except:

Three-dimensional imaging has found applications in all of the following except:

The zero point is also called the:

Which algorithm provides a valuable perspective in defining lesions for surgical planning or detecting subtle small airway diseases?

Equipment for three-dimensional image processing includes: I. computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging scanner console II. memory and archiving computer III. stand-alone computer workstations

All of the following are volume imaging methods except:

Clinical applications of three-dimensional imaging in computed tomography include all of the following except:

Which of the following is an algorithm intended to create a thick multiplanar reconstruction by using the average of the attenuation through the tissues of interest?

The processing of an object-based model into a simulated three-dimensional image involves: I. object delineation II. rendering III. segmentation

Algorithms for sliding thin slabs include all of the following except:

The purpose of three-dimensional imaging is to use large amounts of data collected from the patient to provide both qualitative and quantitative information.

Which of the following uses voxel information to transform the images into a collection of objects with subsequent processing concentrating on the display of the objects?

Volume rendering produces three-dimensional images that have a better image quality and provide more information compared with surface rendering.