Question 1

In the initial conceptualization of the frustration-aggression hypothesis, frustration was defined as ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  blocking or interfering with a goal 
B)  a mild form of anger 
C)  anything that reduced pleasure 
D)  anything that wounded a person's ego or sense of self-esteem

Question 2

What does the text conclude about the human "instinct" for aggression?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is no such thing. 
B)  Humans do seem to have an instinct for aggression, and culture seems to have little impact on it. 
C)  Humans do seem to have an instinct for aggression, and, in general, culture tends to feed that instinct and encourage even more aggression. 
D)  Humans do seem to have an instinct for aggression, but, in general, culture tends to curb that instinct and reduce aggression.

Question 3

One important cause of terrorism may be the experience of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  humiliation 
B)  wealth 
C)  deindividuation 
D)  eros

Question 4

Research suggests that more than ____ of high school and college students have cheated, and that ____ of employees have stolen from their employers.

Accepted Answer

A)  75%; 30% 
B)  50%; 50% 
C)  90%; 25% 
D)  75%; 75%

Question 5

Use of the Internet to bully others is called ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  identity theft 
B)  virtual littering 
C)  antisocial behavior 
D)  cyberbullying

Question 6

An example of an injunctive norm is: "Most people think that it is cool to drive an expensive car."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Of the following, who is most likely experiencing crowding?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jenna, who is at a concert squeezed in near the stage and dancing like a maniac 
B)  Crystal, who is at a party pressed up against a wall and flirting with a handsome stranger 
C)  Jack, who is standing in a packed stadium cheering for his football team to win 
D)  James, who is squished in a the back of an elevator on a ride to the 98th floor

Question 8

Are humans instinctively violent? It would be most accurate to say that ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  humans are naturally more or less nonviolent, and that society encourages violence 
B)  humans are naturally somewhat violent, but that society can significantly change and shape aggressive patterns 
C)  humans are naturally violent, and society can ultimately have only a limited impact on levels of aggression 
D)  human aggression varies enormously across time and location-with some societies showing no violence at all and others showing large amounts of violence-and is therefore likely to be purely a product of culture

Question 9

The fact that violence and aggression appear to be decreasing over time are consistent with which theme of the book?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nature says yes, culture says no. 
B)  Nature says no, culture says yes. 
C)  The bad is stronger than the good. 
D)  The good is stronger than the bad.

Question 10

The idea that signs of disorder will induce other forms of antisocial behavior is known as the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  frustration aggression theory 
B)  broken windows theory 
C)  instinct theory 
D)  weapons effect

Question 11

Research on social learning theory and aggression suggests that aggressive models can influence people to behave more aggressively ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  but only if the model is live (rather than filmed) 
B)  but only if the model's target is a real person (rather than a doll) 
C)  but only if the model is live (rather than filmed) AND the model's target is a real person (rather than a doll) 
D)  regardless of whether the model is live or filmed, and regardless of whether the model's target is a real person (rather than a doll)

Question 12

Briefly explain the differences between antisocial behavior, aggression, and violence, as defined in the textbook. Then explain the distinction between hostile aggression and instrumental aggression, and give an example of each.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly explain the differences between antisocial behavior,...

Question 13

A reporter goes to a gun show to cover a story for the local paper, and is inundated with the sight of guns. On the way home, he stops for lunch. Here he finds himself acting aggressively and rudely to the waiter. Which concept best explains his behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thanatos 
B)  triggered displacement 
C)  the weapons effect 
D)  displacement

Question 14

Which situation is an example of hostile aggression?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mr. W fantasizes about punching his enemy in the face. 
B)  Mr. X accidentally knocks his friend over a balcony. 
C)  Mr. Y intentionally humiliates an annoying co-worker. 
D)  Dr. Z gives a patient a painful injection.

Question 15

"Most people do not approve of excessive public displays of affection." This is an example of a(n) ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  injunctive norm 
B)  descriptive norm 
C)  standard 
D)  personal norm

Question 16

Females are more likely than males to engage in ____ aggression.

Accepted Answer

A)  physical 
B)  indirect 
C)  direct 
D)  relational

Question 17

Research suggests that people often learn to behave in particular ways based on modeling (observing and copying others' behaviors). Which statement best describes how aggressive and nonaggressive models work?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aggressive models can increase aggressive behavior. However, nonaggressive models do not appear to have much impact on people's behavior. 
B)  Aggressive models can increase aggressive behavior and nonaggressive models can decrease it. 
C)  Aggressive models do not appear to have much impact on people's behavior. However, nonaggressive models can decrease aggressive behavior. 
D)  Neither aggressive models nor nonaggressive models appear to have much impact on people's behavior.

Question 18

The textbook defines violence as ____ that ____ extreme harm, such as injury or death.

Accepted Answer

A)  a type of aggression; is intended to cause 
B)  a type of aggression; results in 
C)  something different from aggression; is intended to cause 
D)  something different from aggression; results in

Question 19

Psychologists use the term ____________________ to describe the sense of anonymity that often arises when people are in large groups, which makes people especially likely to engage in antisocial behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Psychologists use the term ____________________ to describe...

Question 20

Much research has demonstrated a link between depression and low levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin. Therefore, one might speculate that, on average, people who are depressed ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  may be more aggressive than other people 
B)  may be less aggressive than other people 
C)  may have higher testosterone levels than other people 
D)  may have lower testosterone levels than other people

Exam 10: Aggression and Antisocial Behavior