Question 1

Describe the trade-off of efficiency versus accuracy in word recognition.Make sure to reference feature nets in your answer.Why is such a trade-off necessary?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the trade-off of efficiency versus accuracy...

Question 2

Compare and contrast these three models of object recognition: McClelland and Rumelhart's model,recognition by components,and recognition via multiple views.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast these three models of...

Question 3

A tachistoscope is a device used to

Accepted Answer

A) measure the rate at which a neuron is firing. 
B) provide precise measurements of reaction time. 
C) display stimuli for precisely controlled exposure times. 
D) record the moment-by-moment activities of the brain.

Question 4

If instructed to identify the briefly presented word "fish," which of the following hints will likely provide the greatest benefit for identification?

Accepted Answer

A) The word will be presented in capital letters. 
B) The word is something you can eat. 
C) The word will be shown for 50 ms. 
D) The word does not contain an O.

Question 5

Facial recognition depends on the configuration and spacing of the features,which reflects ________ processing.

Accepted Answer

A) bottom-up 
B) holistic 
C) expectation-based 
D) distributed

Question 6

The term "top-down processing" is sometimes legitimately replaced with the term "________ processing."

Accepted Answer

A) concept-driven 
B) stimulus-driven 
C) repetition-priming 
D) interactive

Question 7

The form of brain damage identified as prosopagnosia is primarily characterized by an inability to

Accepted Answer

A) recognize faces. 
B) comprehend written text. 
C) identify inverted stimuli even though perception of upright stimuli seems normal. 
D) identify familiar voices.

Question 8

Imagine you are putting together a puzzle.You have a broad idea of what the finished puzzle will look like,and you're guided by that idea as you work.Your broad idea is acting as a

Accepted Answer

A) top-down influence. 
B) bottom-up influence. 
C) foil. 
D) distraction.

Question 9

A vertical line (like the "l" in "line")would likely contribute to the activation of all the following nodes in a feature net EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) O 
B) K 
C) CK 
D) CLICK

Question 10

A feature net is a

Accepted Answer

A) network of cognitive "detectors" organized in hierarchical layers. 
B) collective of features used to describe an object's form. 
C) netlike structure of brain cells designed to detect features. 
D) conceptualization of how features are visually related to one another.

Question 11

Bob suffered brain damage and now has difficulty recognizing objects.He was shown a clock and was asked to draw it,but he drew only a square.However,when asked to draw a clock from memory,he was able to do it.Bob is likely experiencing

Accepted Answer

A) prosopagnosia. 
B) visual agnosia. 
C) aphasia. 
D) memory loss.

Question 12

Consider the word "harp." Using a classic feature net model,describe how you might recognize this word,even if it was shown only for a few milliseconds.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Consider the word "harp." Using a classic...

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT true of priming effects?

Accepted Answer

A) Priming effects are a change in response to a stimulus caused by exposure to an identical,similar,or related stimulus. 
B) Identical priming effects are observed across participants. 
C) Priming effects have the potential to impact the words we perceive. 
D) Priming effects can meaningfully impact our understanding of situations.

Question 14

Imagine that researchers have developed a drug that (temporarily)disrupts a person's ability to focus his or her attention.Let's say that we give this drug to someone,and then ask that person to search through various displays,looking for certain targets.We would expect the drug to

Accepted Answer

A) have minimal impact on visual search strategies. 
B) be equally disruptive if the person is searching for a target defined by a single feature (e.g. ,"Find the red shape")or if the person is searching for a target defined by a conjunction of features (e.g. ,"Find the shape that is red and round"). 
C) disrupt the search for a target defined by a single feature (e.g. ,"Find the red shape"). 
D) disrupt the search for a target defined by a conjunction of features (e.g. ,"Find the shape that is red and round").

Question 15

Argue for or against the notion that "face processing is distinct from other forms of object recognition." Support your perspective by referencing behavioral or neuropsychological evidence.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Argue for or against the notion that...

Question 16

The bigram CO is more common in English than CQ,and this is one of the factors that makes identifying CORN more likely than identifying CQRN.According to feature nets,how is knowledge of spelling patterns like this stored?

Accepted Answer

A) It is locally represented in the feature net. 
B) It is not explicitly stored anywhere. 
C) It is stored in propositional form. 
D) It is stored in the hippocampus,a brain structure crucial for memory.

Question 17

Facial recognition depends on

Accepted Answer

A) perception of the overall configuration of the face. 
B) identification of the shapes of specific features,such as the nose or the eyes. 
C) seeing the person from the appropriate distance. 
D) recognizing the face's geons.

Question 18

Participants are shown the letter string TPUM for 30 ms and asked to identify what they saw.If they answer incorrectly,which response are they most likely to give?

Accepted Answer

A) P 
B) OPUM 
C) TRUM 
D) TMPU

Question 19

We can often recognize an object even if some of the object's parts are hidden from view.Evidence indicates that this recognition from partial viewing will be easiest if

Accepted Answer

A) we can see enough of the object to identify some of its geons. 
B) we can see at least 20% of the object's features. 
C) the object's features are unfamiliar to us,so there is no risk of false alarms. 
D) the object does not have too many geons.

Question 20

The fusiform face area (FFA)is known to be an area that is specifically responsive to faces.Which of the following statements is also true about the FFA?

Accepted Answer

A) It is primarily thought to be the area used to mentally rotate an inverted face into its upright position for further processing. 
B) It responds only to famous faces (e.g. ,President Barack Obama). 
C) It is also a crucial area in the processing of features within an object (e.g. ,edges and curves). 
D) Tasks requiring other subtle distinctions within a category (e.g. ,identifying different birds or cars)also produce high levels of activation in this area.

Exam 4: Recognizing Objects