Question 1

Variables that are included because they are believed to have a significant contributory or contingent effect on the IV-DV relationship are called _____ variables.

Accepted Answer

A)  criterion 
B)  predictor 
C)  mediator 
D)  moderator 
E)  extraneous

Question 2

Which of the following is another term for dependent variable?

Accepted Answer

A)  Discrete 
B)  Criterion 
C)  Mediator 
D)  Predictor 
E)  Construct

Question 3

Jason is using the demographic variables of highest level of educational attainment (high school graduate,some college,college graduate,graduate school)and ethnicity (Asian,African-American,Caucasian,Hispanic,other)to describe survey respondents.Both are examples of _____ variables.

Accepted Answer

A)  dichotomous 
B)  discrete 
C)  continuous 
D)  dependent 
E)  mediating

Question 4

A _____ is an image or abstract idea specifically invented for a given research and/or theory-building purpose.

Accepted Answer

A)  variable 
B)  construct 
C)  concept 
D)  theory 
E)  model

Question 5

Which of the following is a correlational hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  A decrease in the value of the US dollar relative to other currencies leads to an increase in exports. 
B)  Education on the process of preparing meat for consumption leads to a decrease in the consumption of hamburgers. 
C)  An increase in family income leads to an increase in the percentage of income spent on housing. 
D)  Low interest rates resulted in a record year for real estate investment trusts (REITs) as individuals invested in real estate rather than other forms of investment. 
E)  People in the South tend to rate the President more favorably than do people in the North.

Question 6

_____ is said to denote observations and propositions based on sensory experience and/or derived from such experience by methods of inductive logic.

Accepted Answer

A)  Empiricism 
B)  Scientific management 
C)  Exposition 
D)  Deduction 
E)  Propositional research

Question 7

Consider the following example: "Retail sales increases in the 2005 holiday season were below projections.Sales were disappointing because consumers were not confident about economic growth." This is an example of a(n)_____.

Accepted Answer

A)  inductive argument 
B)  deductive argument 
C)  empirical argument 
D)  fact 
E)  premise

Question 8

_____ occurs when we observe a fact and ask,"Why is this?"

Accepted Answer

A)  Deduction 
B)  Induction 
C)  Exposition 
D)  Empiricism 
E)  Curiosity

Question 9

Which term listed below refers to a representation of a system constructed to study some aspect of that system or the system as a whole?

Accepted Answer

A)  Conceptual scheme 
B)  Hypothesis 
C)  Theory 
D)  Diagram 
E)  Model

Question 10

_____ variables product data that fit into three or more categories with specific assigned values.

Accepted Answer

A)  Dichotomous 
B)  Discrete 
C)  Operational 
D)  Independent 
E)  Continuous

Question 11

A customer is defined as a patron and a patron is defined as a client of an establishment.This is an example of a(n)_____.

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothetical construct 
B)  conceptual scheme 
C)  operational definition 
D)  dictionary definition 
E)  mediating variable

Question 12

The role of a model is to _____ while a theory's role is to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  represent; explain 
B)  explain; represent 
C)  propose; prove 
D)  describe; predict 
E)  examine; experiment

Question 13

Potato chip sales vary directly with the level of television viewing.This is an example of a _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  research question 
B)  descriptive hypothesis 
C)  correlational hypothesis 
D)  causal hypothesis 
E)  dichotomous hypothesis

Question 14

Recently,several studies have sought to measure the extent of binge drinking among college students.Explain the meaning of an operational definition and develop a good operational definition for binge drinking.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Recently,several studies have sought to measure the...

Question 15

Which term below refers to an event,act,characteristic,trait,or attribute that can be measured and to which we assign categorical values?

Accepted Answer

A)  Construct 
B)  Concept 
C)  Variable 
D)  Schema 
E)  Model

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a condition of sound reasoning?

Accepted Answer

A)  defining the management dilemma 
B)  identifying correct premises 
C)  testing connections between facts and assumptions 
D)  making claims based on adequate evidence 
E)  All of the above

Question 17

A _____ is a set of systematically interrelated concepts,definitions,and propositions that are advanced to explain or predict phenomena.

Accepted Answer

A)  conceptual scheme 
B)  hypothesis 
C)  theory 
D)  diagram 
E)  factual schema

Question 18

Concepts are more _____,while constructs are more _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  concrete; abstract 
B)  abstract; concrete 
C)  intangible; tangible 
D)  conceptual; factual 
E)  intuitive; logical

Exam 3: Thinking Like a Researcher