Which of the Following Does NOT Help Describe a Bottom-Up

Multiple Choice

Which of the following does NOT help describe a bottom-up estimating approach?

A) They are made by someone who uses experience and/or information from someone else to determine overall project cost and duration.
B) They establish low-cost, efficient methods for completing activities.
C) They typically comes from the people actually doing the work and who are most knowledgeable about the task at hand.
D) Estimates are made at the work package level and then "rolled up" to determine estimates for major deliverables and for the project itself.
E) They can take place after the project has been planned in detail.