Question 1

The peak of synaptic overproduction in the _____ takes place at around one year of age.

Accepted Answer

A)  prefrontal cortex 
B)  spinal cord 
C)  visual cortex 
D)  neural tube

Question 2

Winnie is considering the use of anesthesia during the circumcision of her newborn son. She wants to know if newborns can feel pain. What would you tell her?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yes; recent research indicates that infants can feel pain. 
B)  No; infants cannot feel pain. 
C)  Maybe; research on the matter is inconclusive as of now. 
D)  Maybe; the level of pain felt depends on the newborn's resilience.

Question 3

Define receptive vocabulary and spoken vocabulary. What is the relationship between the two?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define receptive vocabulary and spoken vocabulary. What...

Question 4

In which of the following circumstances is it recommended that a mother NOT breast-feed?

Accepted Answer

A)  If the mother plans to return to full-time work soon 
B)  If the mother has active tuberculosis 
C)  If the mother is 40 or older 
D)  If the baby is overweight

Question 5

The interactionist view of language development emphasizes that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the primary language center and the biological language device are both needed for language to develop. 
B)  language development occurs largely due to positive reinforcement. 
C)  the development of receptive language is universal, whereas the development of spoken language differs across cultures. 
D)  both biology and experience contribute to language development.

Question 6

A form of communication that is based on a system of symbols is called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  syntax 
B)  grammar 
C)  language 
D)  phonology

Question 7

_____ motor skills are skills that involve large-muscle activities, such as moving one's arms and walking.

Accepted Answer

A)  Fine 
B)  Gross 
C)  Learned 
D)  Major

Question 8

This theorist developed a well-respected theory of cognitive development. This theorist suggested that development was universal and occurred in a fixed stage-like sequence. He/she proposed that infants were in the stage of "sensorimotor development."

Accepted Answer

The answer of This theorist developed a well-respected theory of...

Question 9

Long before infants speak recognizable words, they produce a number of vocalizations. Describe some of these vocalizations in the order that they appear in infants. What do researchers think is the value of babbling?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Long before infants speak recognizable words, they...

Question 10

The understanding that objects and events continue to exist even when they cannot be seen, heard, or touched is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  object containment. 
B)  object permanence. 
C)  object availability. 
D)  object continuance.

Question 11

Benji starts calling his father "dad", but he also calls all men that he sees "dad." According to Piaget, this error is due to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  amalgamation 
B)  accommodation 
C)  assimilation 
D)  application

Question 12

By two years of age, children have reached about _____ of their adult weight and about _____ of their adult height.

Accepted Answer

A)  one-half; one-fourth 
B)  one-fifth; one-half 
C)  one-third; two-third 
D)  one-fourth; one-fourth

Question 13

_____ involves the retention of information over time.

Accepted Answer

A)  Attention 
B)  Memory 
C)  Cognition 
D)  Organization

Question 14

What is infantile amnesia? What are two explanations given for this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is infantile amnesia? What are two...

Question 15

Nadine's doctor is assessing her fine motor skills, thus they are going to look at her ability to:

Accepted Answer

A)  coordinate large muscle activity like walking. 
B)  maintain fine balance on a beam. 
C)  perform finely tuned movements like using a pencil. 
D)  perform reflexive behavior like stepping.

Question 16

When Martha wants to feed her newborn son, she gently brushes her nipple against his cheek and, in a _____ reflex, he turns his head toward the side that was touched and immediately latches on to her breast.

Accepted Answer

A)  Moro 
B)  sucking 
C)  rooting 
D)  grasping

Question 17

For cognitive change to occur, these two processes must work in concert as the child experiences considerable movement between the states of cognitive equilibrium and disequilibrium.

Accepted Answer

A)  Equilibration and categorization 
B)  Amalgamation and organization 
C)  Assimilation and accommodation 
D)  Classification and modification

Question 18

Whenever baby Beth hears a loud noise, she responds with a _____ reflex where she arches her back, throws back her head, flings out her arms and legs, and then rapidly closes her arms and legs.

Accepted Answer

A)  Moro 
B)  rooting 
C)  grasping 
D)  fencing

Question 19

The _____ pattern of growth is the sequence in which growth starts at the center of the body and moves toward the extremities.

Accepted Answer

A)  proximodistal 
B)  proximocaudal 
C)  cephalocaudal 
D)  cephalodistal

Question 20

When Alice speaks to her six-month old niece, her voice immediately takes on a higher pitch, her speech becomes slower, and she begins using more simplistic words and phrases. This change in Alice's language behavior provides an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  echoing. 
B)  recasting. 
C)  child-directed speech. 
D)  morphology.

Exam 3: Physical and Cognitive Development in Infancy