Question 1

All of the following are used by prokaryotic cells for attaching to solid surfaces EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  endospore 
B)  capsule 
C)  stalks 
D)  fimbriae 
E)  pili

Question 2

We cannot literally see the molecules within a cell, but __________ and __________ analysis generate a remarkably detailed view.

Accepted Answer

A)  structural; genetic 
B)  microscopy; genetic 
C)  structural; subcellular 
D)  microscopy; subcellular 
E)  chemical; genetic

Question 3

What unusual lipids are found in mycobacteria and of what benefit are they to these bacteria?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What unusual lipids are found in mycobacteria...

Question 4

Which name refers to having flagella attached at one or both ends of the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  peritrichous 
B)  lophotrichous 
C)  monotrichous 
D)  bitrichous 
E)  flagellated

Question 5

Prokaryotic genomes are more compact than eukaryotes and the content of nucleic acids in prokaryotes is much higher than in most eukaryotes. Explain this and why this is necessary for prokaryotes survival?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Prokaryotic genomes are more compact than eukaryotes...

Question 6

In a two-dimensional gel of E. coli proteins, about __________ different proteins can be distinguished.

Accepted Answer

A)  5 
B)  10 
C)  50 
D)  500 
E)  1,000

Question 7

Transport __________ mediate both active and passive transport.

Accepted Answer

A)  polysaccharides 
B)  proteins 
C)  lipids 
D)  hopanoids 
E)  sterols

Question 8

Explain the movement of a bacterium possessing flagella away from a toxic chemical.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the movement of a bacterium possessing...

Question 9

Describe two specialized structures that photosynthetic organisms may possess and why the structures are needed by these organisms.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe two specialized structures that photosynthetic organisms...

Question 10

All of the following statements are true EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Chaperones were first discovered in E. coli. 
B)  Chaperones fold the new peptide into its functional tertiary structure. 
C)  Chaperone defects are associated with genetic diseases in mammals. 
D)  Chaperones have been found in all organisms except humans. 
E)  Chaperones protect proteins from denaturation by heat.

Question 11

All of the following represent components of eukaryotic organisms that help avoid osmotic shock EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  cellulose fibers 
B)  chitin 
C)  silicate exoskeleton 
D)  contractile vacuole 
E)  peptidoglycan

Question 12

Cell membranes are composed of approximately equal parts of __________ and __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  polysaccharides; peptides 
B)  sugars; amino acids 
C)  phospholipids; proteins 
D)  lipopolysaccharides; sugars 
E)  nucleotides; phospholipids

Question 13

All of the following are true about prokaryotic outer membranes EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  They are composed of a phospholipid bilayer. 
B)  They are found only in Gram-negative bacteria. 
C)  They contain endotoxin. 
D)  They contain proteins involved in transport. 
E)  They contain lipopolysaccharide.

Question 14

The increased stability of __________ supercoils in archaea allows them to grow in more extreme environments.

Accepted Answer

A)  extra 
B)  negative 
C)  no 
D)  flexible 
E)  positive

Question 15

From your knowledge of Gram-positive and Gram-negative cell envelopes, why would penicillin be more effective in killing Gram-positive organisms than Gram-negative organisms?

Accepted Answer

The answer of From your knowledge of Gram-positive and Gram-negative...

Question 16

All of the proteins encoded by the genome, which are capable of expression in the cell, are known as the __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  proteomes 
B)  chromosomes 
C)  proteases 
D)  genes 
E)  ribosomes

Question 17

Compare and contrast FtsZ and tubulin. Why do the similarities support evolution of prokaryotes and eukaryotes from a common ancestor?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast FtsZ and tubulin. Why...

Question 18

List and briefly describe four components of a typical bacterial cell.

Accepted Answer

The answer of List and briefly describe four components of...

Question 19

What part of a cell is referred to as the sacculus?

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleoid 
B)  cytoplasm 
C)  cell membrane 
D)  cell wall 
E)  outer membrane

Question 20

Fts proteins do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  form a ring in the area where cell division will occur 
B)  aid in DNA replication 
C)  are involved in peptidoglycan synthesis 
D)  are involved in making proteins 
E)  are important in transcription

Exam 3: Cell Structure and Function