Question 1

Which of the following is NOT true regarding "microtrauma?"

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a term used to describe small accumulated damage to the body over time.
B)  The microscopic tissue changes caused by trauma are often felt before disease sets in.
C)  It is a form of injury that can lead to conditions such as disc herniation and carpal tunnel syndrome.
D)  Damage due to microtrauma is often considered a "silent injury." B

Question 2

An exercise that increases risk of injury if repeated over time is called

Accepted Answer

A)  antagonistic.
B)  questionable.
C)  controlled.
D)  therapeutic. B

Question 3

What is the consequence of a forward head posture?

Accepted Answer

A)  low back tension
B)  neck pain
C)  herniated disks
D)  arthritis B

Question 4

What type of training may help to improve pain tolerance and function for someone experiencing back pain?

Accepted Answer

A)  cross-training
B)  plyometric training
C)  endurance training
D)  core training

Question 5

Where in the body are the cervical vertebrae located?

Accepted Answer

A)  upper back
B)  neck
C)  lower back
D)  coccyx

Question 6

Which is least likely to lead to back problems?

Accepted Answer

A)  lack of endurance
B)  lack of strength
C)  poor flexibility
D)  poor coordination

Question 7

If a body part is out of line,there is an increased strain and stress on the muscles,ligaments,and joints because

Accepted Answer

A)  other body parts must compensate to balance it.
B)  other body parts become weaker.
C)  of muscle spasms.
D)  intervertebral discs slip.

Question 8

Which of the following is true regarding the spinal column?

Accepted Answer

A)  The anatomy of the spine allows load bearing but not movement.
B)  It is made up of 33 vertebrae connected in a single gentle curve.
C)  It includes intervertebral discs important in distributing force.
D)  Its bony structure is not known to protect the spinal cord or spinal nerves.

Question 9

Exercises that help correct pain-related problems by strengthening weak muscles,stretching short ones,and improving circulation are classified as

Accepted Answer

A)  therapeutic.
B)  curative.
C)  restorative.
D)  healing.

Question 10

Ill-fitting clothing and shoes,chronic fatigue,and improperly fitting furniture are called __________ factors.

Accepted Answer

A)  acquired
B)  environmental
C)  physical
D)  congenital

Question 11

Which of the following is recommended when working?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lift with full arm extension to help prevent back injuries.
B)  Tools used most often should be within the closest reach.
C)  Finish one task before changing to another.
D)  Work above head level most of the time.

Question 12

Kyphosis refers to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  herniated disc
B)  hump back
C)  cervical displacement
D)  none of the above

Question 13

Which of the following muscle groups is considered part of the core?

Accepted Answer

A)  diaphragm and cardiac musculature
B)  pelvic floor and chest musculature
C)  biceps and hamstring musculature
D)  transversus abdominis and back extensor musculature

Question 14

Which of the following statements is true regarding core musculature?

Accepted Answer

A)  Core mobilizers are small,deep muscles which contract isometrically to produce movement.
B)  Examples of core mobilizers include the transversus abdominus,diaphragm,and pelvic floor musculature.
C)  Core stabilizers are deeply located muscles which provide local spinal support and stiffness.
D)  Core stabilizers are best trained using fast contractions,resistive forces,and fewer repetitions.

Question 15

Which of the following can contribute to poor posture?

Accepted Answer

A)  heart disease
B)  high blood pressure
C)  environmental factors
D)  all the above

Question 16

Which of the following statements is true regarding contraindicated exercises?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are poor choices for nearly everyone in the general population.
B)  They are best performed under the supervision of a personal trainer or physical therapist.
C)  They should be prescribed widely to reduce injury risk in the population.
D)  They should be modified by increasing exercise frequency,duration,and intensity.

Question 17

Which is true of the spine?

Accepted Answer

A)  It should have gentle curves when viewed from the side,but should be straight when seen from the back.
B)  It should be straight when viewed from the side,but have gentle curves when seen from the back.
C)  It should be completely straight and aligned from top to bottom.
D)  It should only curve at the top and not at the bottom.

Question 18

Resistance exercise can help postural and back problems because it

Accepted Answer

A)  corrects muscle imbalances.
B)  increases blood flow.
C)  decreases hormonal concentrations.
D)  flexes the spine.

Question 19

Pronated feet can lead to foot,knee,and lower back pain because of

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased shock absorption.
B)  increased shock absorption.
C)  decreased pressure on the outer aspect of the feet.
D)  increased pressure on the outer aspect of the feet.

Question 20

Which of the following is true regarding backaches?

Accepted Answer

A)  Back pain is the most common medical complaint reported to doctors.
B)  Most Americans experience back pain sometime in their life.
C)  The cause of most back pain can be determined.
D)  Back pain is preventable.

Exam 12: Body Mechanics: Posture, Questionable Exercises, and Care of the Back and Neck